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S. H. Meares - Tableland F. Cornish - Roebourne J.O. Brown - Roebourne F.A. Wedge - Port Hedland Charles Harper - De Grey River Hon. F.R. Barlee - Shaw River A.R. Richardson - Nichol Bay R. Walcott - Nichol Bay |
| Aunt | mongaleejee, too'a (?), yoo'rajee, moogul |
| Baby | mungoorla?, weelingnurdee, mulgannee, yandee yarra, gumbarra |
| Blackfellow | ninkaberree, womba, ngurda, maiaka |
| Blackwoman | munga, munja, koontharda, mungala? |
| Boy | tookoo, wallabee, dhoogoo (youngest boy) |
| Brother | kerjajee, kai jerree (elder?), jirlgarree, jirkanoo (younger) |
| Brother-in-law | murrkano, koomballee murrkano jirra = two or more brothers-in-law |
| Child | eldest = mar'ara, middle = milyoorda, last = nyeerdingoo |
| Children | mulga murree, tcheelya, warlabee |
| Daughter | koondallee, koondul |
| Daughter-in-law | mimmee?, yoorajee |
| Father | maman, mummardee |
| Father-in-law | kag'a, kogga |
| Girl | yungeroo, koo'ree, nyoordon |
| Granddaughter | kundherree (daughter's child), ngabberree (son's child) |
| Grandfather | thammee, mai-alle, mama? |
| Grandmother | kundarree, ngabberee, kundarreejee |
| Grandson | thammee, mai'alee? |
| Husband | yakkan yakkanjee, yukkan, kardee Two married people = nookanarra |
| Man | womba, buk-allee (old), meetina, tcheenee |
| Mother | nungardee, nunkadee, ngurdee, nunga, nunkun, nganga, nairoo |
| Mother-in-law | too-a, yoorajee moogul |
| Nephew | mimmee?, yoorajee, paalee |
| Niece | mimmee?, paalee (father's sister's children) |
| Orphan | peetcha, nganganjoon |
| Sister | eldest = thoorda, thoodajee, woodajee youngest = marree, boojee |
| Sister-in-law | boon'galee |
| Son | ngirra?, main'ga |
| Son-in-law | thooa?, tooa |
| Uncle | ka-ka, kuk'ardee |
| Virgin | kooree |
| White Man | nurloo?, merrika? |
| Widow | ma'roo?, marooboobun'iloo |
| Widower | ma'roo? |
| Wife | yakkan, yok'an, yukkanjee |
| Woman | mung'a, munja?, old woman = meetawurree? woman who has never had a baby = koonee woman who has had a child = poothong |
| Ankle | nookurla |
| Arm | jeelee joombo, (left) jeelee jeelee toolgul (right) eeriga (upper) |
| Back | mooroo |
| Back-bone | mooroo |
| Beard | nunga, nurnga, ngurka |
| Blood | marda, mijjee, mudda, meejee |
| Bone | koojee, koothee, kweja |
| Bowels (belly) | bung'a, boonga, tundo?, merka |
| Breast, breasts | bibbee, baiawarra, boordoo? |
| Breath, breathe, to | ngai-in |
| Calf of Leg | moongun, watha, mongoon |
| Cheek | kurrarra, kooga (flesh) |
| Chest | poordoonoo |
| Chin | nun-nun, ngangur |
| Coition | natharee, nullarree, nulkarree, takkelgo, |
| Copulate, to | balakanee, balakanee |
| Cry, to | najjee, najeego, na'thin |
| Drink, to | pinjalgo, karingamul, mitcherkee, papa moojin, punjal |
| Ear | koolga, koolka, weening?, kulka |
| Eat, to | ba-jel-go, narkwee, bajjan, batwano? |
| Elbow | yarna mangoola, wangoola, munbroon |
| Eyebrow | narree mandhoo, yeedoo, yoodoo, nyandha |
| Eyelash | koolgoora, ngeearree |
| Eye | toola, thoola tcheedamurra? |
| Face | koomba, ngarka |
| Fat | jingee, tchinjee, warndo, jinjee, murda |
| Fatigue | yower-arree, peerawarra, kalandherra |
| Finger | marra, kundemurra? |
| Finger nail | minderee |
| Foot | jeena, jenna, jenna toolgul |
| Forehead | yindee, warra |
| Frowning | pajjoo-waj-joo, malee malee |
| Generative Organ (female) | tooltha, mindin, tootha |
| 5 | |
| Gums | Yeera, moonthoo, ngantho |
| Hair | nyungoora, yoorwoon, jōree, koolgara, milkakob |
| Hand | marra, joy'a, mara jumbo |
| Hand (right) | marra toolgul |
| Head | yoolga bootha, pulla, banna, milya |
| Hear, to | winjaberree, winyarree (imperative) |
| Heart | bulla, bultha, boolarda, boorla |
| Heel | warla |
| Heel (right) | warla toolgul |
| Hip bone | minnee, kooring, kanjeeree |
| Instep | mooro jenna, jeena koojee |
| Jaw | koodera, kuddera, kurrarra |
| Kidney | boolarda |
| Knee | manboo, mamboo, munbur, manburl, man'bul |
| Kneecap | paroora burree warra |
| Leg | watha, koojee |
| Lip | warlee, koonga, wā'lee |
| Liver | numarree, ngumarree |
| Lung | wathan, gainin |
| Moustache | ngunga, jowerda |
| Mouth | tha, mooltha, thai'a, narra, tchaa |
| Mouth, roof of | nunga, nanga |
| Muscle | moongoon, kooarrow, palgoo |
| Nape of the neck | nonka, nunka |
| Navel | , , , |
| Neck | nunka, nonka, natchee |
| Nipple of breast | moola |
| Nose | mooltha, moola, minta?, multha |
| Nostril | noorindoo, moojardee |
| Palm of the hand | marro |
| Penis | wandee |
| Perspiration | nanyoora, kargooroo |
| Perspire | nanyoora, kargooroo |
| Pregnant | mardoonga, walyul, mardulga |
| Rib | tambee, thompee, boonga |
| Rump | koorla |
| Seeing | natheroo, now-wai |
| Semen | noonya, kurnee |
| 6 | |
| Shin | kojal, werda, toongo, beelboo |
| Shoulder | parra, burreear yeeriga |
| Sinew | murreewarra, kunderer |
| Skeleton | parree koothee, koojee |
| Skin | kowan, kobban, koppin, warra karnoo |
| Skull | parree bootha |
| Sleep | koobala, bamba, bumba, koonee, ngareekora |
| Smell, to | burn-de-kee, koon'ma |
| Sneeze, to | kanjeernee, keen-keen mugoo, tchandigo, kanjirree |
| Sole of the foot | mardoo |
| Speak, to | wangee |
| Spit, to | jin'thak'ee, witha |
| Stink, to | burn-de-kee, pooka, booka |
| Stomach | boong'a, ngarloo, nar'loo, ngar'loo |
| Taste, to | bumbar kee, jaggelgo, yarranloo? |
| Tears | karnda, kunda, ngajjee, kurla |
| Teeth | yeera, eera |
| Temple | meelin, warra |
| Thigh | wata, woolagullee, woolajardee, koojee, thoonda, kurra-kanjil |
| Thirsty | papaan, bookendigo, peea, woolagalloo, yoorookal, bookandago |
| Throat | wongdarongara, thungalyee |
| Thumb | nungarnyoo, nungoola |
| Toe | beerdoo, nungoolla, ngangarra |
| Toenail | mindeeree, mindee |
| Tongue | tallee, dallee, thai'lee, yalthooroo |
| Urinate, to | koo'ar'da, gumbajjero, kumboo |
| Vein | marda, kundarra |
| Walk, to | watho, yanagurra, boongarree, yarranamoo, ponai, wokkigo, wokkai |
| Wink, to | yimbee, jarda |
| Womb | tootha, tooltha, tharree, yoonda |
| Wrinkle | pajoo-waj-joo, balyan balyan |
| Wrist | thargan, tharan |
| Yawn | jamar, jama |
| Animal (generic) | tchaj'ja |
| Bandicoot | koorde, koordee |
| Bat | nyar'reewid'oo, warramoora (vampire) |
| Dingo, female | mootchera, bajooda, yookaroo, mootchera wunja |
| Dingo, male | mootchera nandee, wanja |
| Dingo, puppy | mootchera wanmee |
| Dog, female | wanga bajooda, wanja bajooda |
| Dog, male | wanga nandee, wanja nandee |
| Dog, puppy | wanga wanmee, wanja wanmee |
| Dugong | yan'mena |
| Flying fox (bat) | warramoora |
| Horse | yow'a-da |
| Kangaroo, generic | wijjanoo, mun'garoo, peekoora, pajarree, pajarra |
| Kangaroo, blue | baia-wan'nera, toonda |
| Kangaroo, brush | waia-warra, tchurramurra |
| Kangaroo Rat | waia-warra |
| Kangaroo Rat, Brush-tailed | kandee, pigbandoo |
| Kangaroo, Red | pik-kera, patcharree |
| Kangaroo, Rock | jerrinmurra, tchurramurra, yerrimurra, noondee? |
| Kangaroo, Silver Grey | tchoowarra, paiee wandhara |
| Kangaroo, young, in pouch | pee-dee, beebee |
| Mouse | kalooja |
| Opossum, Black | wallumberree koonung, warrkee |
| Opossum, Grey | wallumberree tchoo warra |
| Opossum, large Grey | wallumberree meedadalee, koobalya |
| Opossum, Ring-tailed | wallumberree kandee koonee |
| Porcupine | jeerawee |
| Rat | kail-ga-roo, kardookullee, koordee |
| Wallaby | wajjee-warra, jerrunmurra |
| Wallaby, Speckled-hair | witchoo werra, wajjee warra |
| Bell-bird | marmoon, kar'lera |
| Bird (generic) | moola, mulla |
| Bird's egg | jimboo |
| Birds' Nest | yatha |
| Bittern | kullalarrow, koolboor, boolbul |
| Bustard, Wild Turkey | paroora, pardoora, bod'oor, pad'ooa, buroora, waiameeda, kalerra |
| Butcher bird | koor baroo |
| Cockatoo (generic) | piddera, willinga |
| Cockatoo, Black, red tail | pilthagoo, peetandee |
| Cockatoo, Galah, grey and pink | pithandee, willinga tchoora |
| Cockatoo, Leadbeater's Pink | pilthagoora |
| Cockatoo, white, Northern variety | pidd-era, willinga tchoora, beel-a-ka, peereera, peedera |
| Coot | koolung |
| Crane, Blue | pow-larree, kootcheenaing, bang |
| Crow | woggera, wangeena, woogera, wakkera, wokkoora, wan'gaga |
| Curlew | weenamurra |
| Dove, little | pul-pul, ka-la-joo, kulligroo, kalleegooroo |
| Duck (generic) | neerantee, ngurrandee, koondarree? |
| Duck, Grey or black | walla moonga, maloondarree, kooleeyallee? meekabukka?, ngarantee |
| Duck, Musk | kardunthallee |
| Duck, Spoonbill | jeeleeburderra |
| Duck, Wood-duck | yee'pil'yoo'ra, jinbilyoora, ngamul? |
| Eagle | wonbon, winermurra, wanbungarree |
| Eagle Hawk | wanbungo, warreederra, jabarringoo, peelaga, wanbong, wirinbain?, warladoo |
| Emu | yallaberree, kullaia, yallabiddee, jangoona, jangoorna |
| Flycatcher | tchittee tchittee, tcheeree tcheeree |
| Goat-sucker | winga |
| Goose | kalajirroo |
| Hawk, Fish | willee willee?, peerin |
| Hawk (generic) | pel-leka |
| Hawk, Sparrow | karlemarna |
| 9 | |
| Ibis, straw-necked | mar'doon-goora |
| King-fisher | jooderee, jeelamango |
| Laughing jackass | tcharra'oo?, karwokan, karawoggan, karroo bulgan? |
| Magpie | wandoola, wandoorla |
| Magpie, Lark | yillimbeera |
| Mopoke | bul-bul? |
| Native Companion | koorenda, kooranda |
| Owl, Common | wooron wooron, winga |
| Parrot | weero, pathara, balara |
| Parrot, Blue bellied, Red-cap | burnburn |
| Parrot, Small Ground | bal'ara |
| Parrot, Twenty-eight | bun-bun-a, bunbun |
| Pelican | waia-maloo, thooda arra, wirmaloo, ngurla wanda |
| Pigeon, Blue | woolera, mambee |
| Pigeon, Bronzewing | kalbai, kulbee, kelpee |
| Rail, Water | kuldarree |
| Shag | booka goora, sea shag = toorna |
| Swamp-hen, Coot | bul-bul? |
| Swan | kullijoora, kullaneedo, kulleejarree, kulleedoo |
| Teal | koontharree, pinjoo |
| Catfish | yarrawarra, tai'angul |
| Cobbler | yerr'baia, bunnakoora |
| Cockle | yoo-na-doo, yoondo |
| Crab | yoolgon, tarrabul |
| Crayfish | punjaree |
| Fish (generic) | pee, ooda, yoordakappee, yooda, kow'ee, wakkeree, wagarree |
| Herring, River | tchik-era |
| Mullet (big) | moonga murra |
| Oyster | peerapeera, weeree, tcheepoora, tcheepoor, jibboor |
| Rock Cod | bulgarra, woolgarra, tchoopadin |
| Shark | nunkullee, pikera, nooka |
| Silver Bream | nundalla |
| Frog, edible | jilunga, jarrgarn |
| Frog (generic) | jerg-arn, tarryerran |
| Frog, large green | tchakkanarro |
| Iguana (generic) | won'gallee |
| Iguana, long-tailed | panjoona, banjoona, ban'thowai |
| Iguana, stump-tailed | boorongarra |
| Lizard (generic) | muntha, thow, moondha, kalyarree |
| Scorpion | yanja |
| Sea-snake | boo-ya nan'gain? |
| Snake (generic) | warlo, wolloo, warloo, thooroo, wal-ee |
| Turtle (long-necked, fresh water) | majj-e-noon, narda weerdee |
| Turtle, sea(green) | tattarooka, thatherooka |
| Turtle, hawkbill | warramurringa |
| Ant (common small) | warrajee, worrooma, warramoo |
| Ant (generic) | peenga, minga |
| Ant (sergeant) | karngoo, kaan'goo? |
| Ant (white) | moontha, manthoo, ma'gweea |
| Bee | wan'baree, warree |
| Beetle (generic) | moor-oom-barree, mooroombin |
| Blowfly | pooroo, wararree, warran-borran |
| Butterfly | kowlee, warlee, kurrai, kowleewel |
| Caterpillar | koordee worna, peena |
| Centipede | min'nerung |
| Flea | koola |
| Fly (generic) | pooroo, pooro, wararree, booroo |
| Grasshopper | binbilla, tchoondarree |
| Grub | bardee |
| Hornet | moona, muna, ngoorangoora |
| Housefly | warree |
| Insect (generic) | peeng'a, pinna |
| Louse | koola |
| Mosquito | yeering, thoondo, kummin, koonya, koonai?, koomin, kweemin? |
| Sandfly | koonin |
| Spider | ganbarra |
| Vermin | pinna |
| Worm | pinna, peenga |
| Afternoon | peeree peeringa |
| Atmosphere (air) | tooda, thoorda (wind) |
| Beach (open) | koola-numba |
| Blossom | tchee'oo'doo |
| Bough of a tree | pinewing, minna |
| Breeze (land) | boothuroo |
| Breeze (sea) | yabbarreejee, tooda boo-ree-a, thindabreea |
| Bush (the wild country) | boy-yee (a bush) |
| Cave | toondaga?, mootchee, moolyee |
| Clay | narnoo, koonda, koolaroo, koola-eroo |
| Cloud | yerra, weeyoo, bairilya, yoongoo |
| Cloudy | kandoora |
| Cold | moothoo, yinda?, mootoo kutthoo |
| Country (burnt) | noora-kumbee, kumbaloo, kumbaroo kala |
| Country (desert) | balla-arro, peejoo |
| Country (hilly) | murnda, noora bulla |
| Country (open) | pulgarra |
| Creek | mooree, kalga, koomba, weela? |
| Dark | thoonthoo, toondoo, warroo, doondo, wayer, warrakurdee |
| Darkness | worrokurdee |
| Dawn | mardoongallee, thoonthoo gul-yee |
| Day | yanda, toola arro, yooringa daytime = yandangalye, moppulgurdee, yoorunga |
| Daylight | mardoongallee, mopelthing, yoonda kookee |
| Dew | koobelyee, koopelyee, poonjat |
| Dusk | warroo |
| Dust | koonther, koondo, kroongawarra, narnoo, koonderer |
| Duststorm | koonther, koondo, kroongawarra, narnoo, koonderer |
| Earth, the | noora?, narnoo |
| Echo | murnda thowa jelgoo, tandaloo |
| Evening | beeree, peeringa, peereegalyee |
| Feather | pardoo, marra |
| Fig (Native) | tabberee, walyooroo |
| Fire | kala ngoota, karla, bookera, kulla, pinoo |
| Floods | mungoordoo, mungoda, moongroo |
| Flowers | joon-joon, peeree peeree, ko-an-arrow |
| 13 | |
| Foam | koonyoo |
| Fog | koobelya, koobilyee |
| Forenoon | warramoontoo, warrangoom |
| Fruit | tookerda |
| Fruit (edible native) | tookerda |
| Gorge | weerka, worunga, indimunya |
| Granite | karangoo |
| Grass | warrabo, warraba, tallo warro-wer, bulga, wana, warro |
| Grass (tall) | mundee wanga |
| Grass (young) | peelin |
| Ground (surface of) | narnoo, nguntha, boojur |
| Gum | karang, willoo, kurrungoo |
| Gum tree | weeringooro, warrangoor, boonong, yam-a-ra, palgarringoo, woorungoon |
| Heat | winnoo, kooloo, urra, yoora, wallamurra, |
| Hill | balgoo, murnda, munda, millaree, burro, monda |
| Hole | moolyee, mootchee, boonta, koora |
| Hollow place | thar-garda |
| Ironstone | tanga tanga |
| Island | pantha, murrangoora |
| Lake | mardongoona, bubba yarrel, mangoora |
| Land | narnoo |
| Light | warooga, thararee, tharree, yool-ya, warroowarroo, yandagal |
| Lightning | yerreegoo, wallabiddee, warla weerdoo |
| Midday | yoora, yoorabajja, yoorangalya, we'ya, bajja? |
| Month | joo'elgurda |
| Moon | weelarra, bullengo |
| Moonlight | weelarrunga, weelarrala |
| Morning | warramoonto, warramunda, toondoo kullee, warra wandee |
| Mountain | mama murnda |
| Mud | woolera, narnoo, ngarballa, pindha |
| Mulga | tcherwarree, wallan |
| Night | thoonthoo, toondoo, worragurdee, worra-kurdee |
| Noon | oorungalya, oorabajja |
| 14 | |
| Paper-bark tree | bolga millee, millee millee, talgoo, boona, mullee, meelee |
| Plain | pul-garra, mulyarra, bulgarra |
| Pleiades | kooreekooree |
| Pool | kaiaoola |
| Pool in River | kaiaoola |
| Rain | bandaroo, yunga, elyeree, puntaroo, kowan, pooyawardo, yoongo pundaroo |
| Rain (heavy) | bundelgo (rain falling) |
| Rainbow | boolarra |
| Resin (blackboy) | bulga, kardangoo |
| River | mooree, narra |
| River, mouth of | mooree tha |
| Road | yerree alla, yerree-a, eer-deer, mullera, yeerdeea, eereea, yeedeealla |
| Rock | pillingarra, munda, bulla |
| Rockhole | moolyee munda |
| Root, of tree | walwalaree, kulka |
| Running water | mungoodoo, kulleea |
| Rush (a fibre) | yalaree |
| Sand | nanoo, narnoo, munneran, thoonga, mun-arra |
| Sandhill | bantha, pantha |
| Sandplain | baloo, bulkarra, mundharra, boodaree, bulgarra |
| Sea | booreea, pooreea, breea |
| Sea-shell | weeree, weerdee |
| Sea-weed | binda |
| Seeds, of plants | koondee, kooroo |
| Shade | marloo, marbo?, mallanoo |
| Shower, a | goongoo, punteroo, yoondoo |
| Sky | win'nookoo, moonga, muna |
| Spinifex | bar'oo peero, parroo, kanjee or kangee, warrour? |
| Spinifex gum | boorka, tcherreeandoo, mēna |
| Spinifex thread | poondoo |
| Star | pindeeree, ngoko, burro andoo, peerda peerda |
| Starlight | pindeereela |
| Stone | munda, bulla, murnda |
| Sun | yanda, yoora, yoogoodoo, mappil, moppil, moppul, yeenda, yonda |
| 15 | |
| Sunlight | yandangalya |
| Sunrise | kaia, kaiar |
| Sunset | yanda poonkee, yanda boongee, boon-gai |
| Tableland | bulgarra |
| Thorn | tcheeree, jeeree, tchirree |
| Thunder | yeerar koojee, wallabirree, wallabiddee, binba, baggee marlo, wardunun |
| Thunderstorm | yeerar koojee, wallabirree, wallabiddee, binba, baggee marlo, wardunun |
| Tide | tchindeearro, pooreea wandago = tide ebbing, pooreea yookago = tide coming in |
| Ti-tree | koolabin, koolyabin |
| To-day | eejala yanda, yoorunga, kooarree, eejala, nginjala |
| To-morrow | warramunda, yanda koonjerree, weeree wandee, warungun, weereengun |
| Track | mardee, talya, yeer ee yer, eereeur, jenna |
| Tree | boona, wonnar, wanda, milallee |
| Tree, Bark of | karboon, bidee'er, mungarroo |
| Tree, Gum of | kardanoo, tcherreeandoo, kardangoo |
| Water | babba, bowa, babba, bubba, pappa |
| Water (deep) | yinda, poonta babba, mirro, bubba |
| Water (fresh) | kooarree yoobubba, jee jee baba |
| Water (running) | babba mungaroo, babba jeering |
| Water (salt) | kurree babba, booreea babba, babba karree |
| Water (shallow) | bunda, mardoo |
| Waterfall | tharda, jeerding |
| Waterhole | kaia-oola, yoorama, indee warra? |
| Wattle tree (black) | eeringa |
| Weather (cold) | bulleroo, mootha |
| Weather (hot) | kooloo |
| Weather (wet) | munthee, yoonoo, boongee |
| Well | yoongoo, meela? |
| Whirlwind | wananga, weeningarra |
| Willy willy | willee, willee? |
| Wind (East) | pultheroo, weerwee yar yoo boothooroo |
| Wind (light) | thoora, weerwee koola koolo |
| Wind (North) | kunarra, weerwee wardal, joolangmarra |
| Wind (South) | tooda, weerwee kar'yoo, kowernga |
| 16 | |
| Wind (strong) | toorda |
| Wind (West) | weerwee woolajoo, palgunmarra |
| Wooded country | karreea, koola murra |
| Yam | muderra, marla |
| Yesterday | koonjerree yanda, yookamurra, bullalyee, yeerunkal |
| Abduct, to | moorgarree, pindeera, mootcharree? |
| Abscond, to | moo'yedee |
| Absent | bungarreenur, meeta bunnema |
| Abundance | marroo, ma'roo |
| Abuse, to | pin-ee-kee, binika |
| Accident | noongank nulliga, boongee |
| Accompany, to | koomalar, kooma |
| Accuse, to | jinda |
| Across | koorer |
| Adultery | mooreloo |
| Afraid | waia, waiarree |
| After | panthoo, ballam, bunto |
| Again | murrulgai, nyarlgee, ngaiarljee, ngar-dil-yee |
| Aged | joo-joo, mendana, meerdana, joolyoo, merriga |
| Agree, to | neewanda, balbabba, bul'bai |
| Aim, to | mulla erroo |
| Alarm | waia jelgo, waia |
| Alive | wunga, banya, wanga, yooringa |
| All | tchooleeba, jooloo, mindong |
| Alligator | banjoono |
| Alone | menta, yeeka, yumardee, yeeka barree |
| Always | we-ning-oo-loo |
| Am I? | wai'oo? |
| Among | kooma |
| Amuse, to | to-nee, thornee |
| Anger | Beeja, baia, baja, batcha |
| Angry, to be | baia, baiarree (make angry) |
| 17 | |
| Another | weeroo, manjarroo |
| Anxious | bunnee |
| Apart | bindee bindee, pundalloo |
| Approach, to | moohango, koor kajee, moona |
| Arise, to | kulbee, kul'wa, kalbumma |
| Ascend, to | yeena, kulbee |
| Ashes | yeeba, yooa, eewa |
| Ask, to | wonga, wangee, tirremurra |
| Assault, to | baia thal kooro, wonberkee |
| Go astray, to | noweerdarree, jimbee |
| At once | eejilla, mooreeantee, ee'ala |
| Attentive (awake) | waiba? |
| Away | wokkai |
| Awkward | wanda wanda |
| Back, to go | kallanjerree, woolbinnee, warma |
| Back, to bring | tongo |
| Bad | bukkadin, whailka, wailka, walga, wilka, burato |
| Bag | kooran, koordan |
| Bag (in which a child is carried) | yandee = wooden scoop - no bags are used) |
| Bald | peerdin, yoolga wallee (bald head) |
| Bandy legged | koojee wirrpa kanta joono, koojeeballee |
| Barb of a spear | nunbil, koorbin |
| Bark, as a dog, to | mooryee |
| Bark (used for food vessels) | toolalgo, karboon |
| Bark (used for making huts) | millee, munja, ngooeea, |
| Bathe, to | bundee, poonthee, boonthal, boondhai |
| Battle | bai'a-arree, pinarree, pinyarree, pilanga |
| Beat, to | wanburkee, thalkeroo |
| Beautiful | wobba, yabba |
| Before | palalye, bullara, bulallia, balallee |
| Beg, to | tchēlmarro |
| Behind | boonthoo, panthoo, pantha |
| Below | thoonoo, tuninga, thoonong |
| Belt | poorooroo, yinderree, poordooroo |
| Between | marthoongo, worrunga, kurree? |
| 18 | |
| Big | boota, midallee, munima, mirriga, mama, yaroo |
| Birth | yindena, yerril, bunkai, yin'dēn |
| Bite, to | barkee, peelyarroo, baia arree, bililgo, pilyalgo |
| Bitter | yeeragurra, kurree |
| Black | koongoo, kunoong, waroo |
| Bleed, to | meetchee, yeentago, mura, marda yindee |
| Blind | toola, bumbara, thoo-lai-aba, bumbra, bamburra |
| Blow, as the wind, to | bultharoo |
| Blow with the mouth, to | bultharoo |
| Blue | waroo, baldara |
| Blunt | yeerjoon, yeeragul, yeera werrur |
| Blunt-edged | bi-tchee-er-ba, yoomboo |
| Board, for throwing spear | meero, mirro, tooka talgo, walburra |
| Boast, to | kunkermurra |
| Body | nyoomarree |
| Body (dead) | nyoorndee nyoomarree |
| Boggy ground | narbulla, pintha |
| Bony | pajja, koojee mummer, koojeenerree |
| Boomerang | weera |
| Boots (European) | tchoo-gi-go, joo-je-koo |
| Born | mongoola, boongee |
| Both of us | alla kootherra, nallee koothera, kai-arra, ngallee |
| Brave | meeta waia |
| Break, to | puk-kai, buk-kai, windaga |
| Breath; breathe, to | nangar, ngain nigain, thailgoo |
| Bring forth, to (as animals, their young) | yerril |
| Bring me | kulborra, kulbera, kulbarra |
| Bring, to | kulborra, kulbera, kulbarra |
| Bundle | yarda |
| Burn | kumbai, kumbaga, kumbarkoo, kumbelloo, kumbanaina |
| Burn, to | kumbai, kumbaga, kumbarkoo, kumbelloo, kumbanaina |
| Bury, to | nananmum, moolyee wantheroo thararjoo, narrnga, wanderma |
| Bush | kurrabunnee, boorunga? |
| By and by | minnawarra, yardee, meenawarra, meelaneeno |
| 19 | |
| Call him back | kallathal, kallenjarree, kulthergoo, kallingerree |
| Call, to | kulthargoo, meeree, kullak-goo, kallawa, kuttak |
| Camp, native | maia, noora, ngoora |
| Camp, white man's | noora, ngoora |
| Cannibal | jooma pajeroo, gooma pajeroo |
| Cannibalism | jooma pajeroo, gooma pajeroo |
| Care, to take | (to shepherd) malgo |
| Carry, to | kulburra |
| Cart | buggera, bukkera |
| Cataract (film over eye) | bindeeree |
| Catch, to | tuk'an'ma, takkelgo |
| Certainly | palbaba |
| Change, to | tchinga-tchinga, eenjerree |
| Charcoal | jinta, jinda |
| Chew, to | beetcheroo, bajalgoo, ngakawarree |
| Choke, to | beerdee jangoo, munnee kurroo |
| Cinder | yurreelee |
| Circle | joonjee |
| Circular | joonjee |
| Circumcision | peera wanna, peerdawongoo (subincision = paragalgoo) |
| Clasp, to | karamugga |
| Climb, to | kalbagoo |
| Close (near) | moona moona |
| Close, to (stop up a hole) | ween-ya-kun'ma |
| Club | wakaburra |
| Cold, a | nooroo, muthoo, ngoondoo |
| Cold, to be | mootho, kulthoo, kuthoo |
| Collect, to | kooma mukkai |
| Come in, to | kookai, mil-bai, yeen-ta-ma |
| Commence, to | koodalyee |
| Conceal, to | meelye'go, milyegoo |
| Construct, to | yan-er-mer-roo |
| Continually | we-ning-oo_loo |
| Convalescent | wen-gar-e-go |
| Cook, to | kum-by, kumbergo, kumbanaina, kumbogai |
| Cooked | kumbai, kuther, ballam kumbai |
| Cooked meat | ko'ro'wo |
| 20 | |
| Corroboree | yinma punyeroo, goonong, koonanoo, koonangoo |
| Couple | kootherra, kootera |
| Covered | minga pōra, nyeeraga |
| Coward | waia, galara, mumma waia, waiarree |
| Crack in the skin | nundalger |
| Crawl, to | weearree, weedinarree, thooloo |
| Creep (to creep on game) | weearree, ngoora |
| Crippled | janda |
| Crooked | parlee, bar'lee |
| Cry out, to | meera |
| Cure, to | mokoora-mukkee |
| Cut, to, with a knife | winderkee, windaroo, jumberaree |
| Damp | manthee, munthee, eeree, nampala |
| Dance | yinma, koonangoo, goonung, banyalgoo |
| Dead | koota, mulkarree, narrima, noondaba, nyoondee, yoondee, nooyo, noondee |
| Deaf | koolka munda, koolga munda, yilga munda ear (like) stone, koolkathar |
| Death | oo'yoo, nooyo, yoondee, noondee |
| Decay, to | pooka won-e-go |
| Decayed | pooka, booka |
| Deceit | pee'a, pee'a won'gee, nalla wangoo |
| Deceive | pee'a, pee'a won'gee, nalla wangoo |
| Deep | poon'ta, boontha, poonda, koondoo |
| Dense, stupid | kool'ga munda, ngarra ngarra, wanta kulera |
| Depart, to | bun-garree |
| Desert, to | mootcharree |
| Desire, to | bulbee |
| Destroy, to | bok-kai |
| Devil | joono, war'aka, joona, par'ee |
| Die, to | oo'yoo, wan'ee yoondee, noondee, yoondeethal |
| Dig, to | pinkeroo, bingooro, pingooee |
| Direct (in a straight line) | turrigal, thoorkal, thoorgul |
| Dirty | weeloogooroo |
| Distance | yer-ka war_bar |
| Distend, to | bookar |
| Disturb, to | jee-bal-goo |
| 21 | |
| Divided (in two) | winderoo, yatherong |
| Divide, to, amongst several persons | een'ger'ree, allee kooroo, eenjerree |
| Dog's tail head-dress | joordee |
| Down (below) | thoonoo, toonerga |
| Down (short hair) | minda |
| Dread, to | waia |
| Dream | bookaree |
| Dream, to | bookerreejo, bookarree yalgo |
| Dried, parched ground | narnoo ba'ya, berreego |
| Dried up | putherba, beejoo |
| Drink | pinjelgoo, peenjeroo, mitcheekee, peenjunma |
| Drown, to | nyooneego |
| Drunk | kurreejoona, tallee yabba |
| Dry | putherba, beejoo |
| Dumb | tallee joon, tallee yabba, narra-narra, taa munda = tongue (like) stone |
| Dying | ngooyoowanee, yoonda moona, moona moona yoondee, nunnawarra |
| Earache | koolka tharla, koolga weeriga |
| Early | waroom-gum |
| East | yar'yoo, eerajoo, kakardee |
| Echo | munda thawer jilgoo, tan'daloo |
| Eight | marroo (a lot) |
| Embrace, to | takelgo |
| Enemy | wool'gargoo |
| Enough | yeeka, eegalba, weenya, koondagoo, yeega, thunkabur |
| Erect | thoora barnee |
| Evil spirit | war'aka, joona |
| Examine, to | tchinjee-tchinjee, eengerree, eenjerree |
| Faint, to | moona moona nyoondee |
| Fall, to | poonkee, bunkai, bungee, boongai |
| Family or tribe | ngorrera, kumbero? |
| Far away | yerika, warraba, warrwarr |
| Fast | moordee, mooreeantee, moordeangoogoo, winbai |
| Fear | jankarkee, waia |
| 22 | |
| Feast | bajelgo, bitcharoo, narkutee |
| Feed, to | bajelgo, bitcharoo, narkutee |
| Fetch, to | takkoora, kooberkee, kulberoo, kulbarra |
| Few | burgoburgo, meeta marroo, poorkoo poorkoo |
| Find | bumderkee, burnderkee |
| Finish, to | yee'kalba, koondago, koodalyee |
| Fire-stick | bookarra, bookarra |
| Five | marroo (a lot) |
| Flame | yooralyee |
| Flat | malledee, yeelin, malleeree |
| Flee, to | winbai |
| Flesh (of animals) | moola, mulla |
| Food | flesh food = moola, seeds etc. = kooroo, bajelgo, marree marree, marramooree |
| Food (forbidden) | jajjee, tajjee, dajjee |
| Forward, to go | boolar, bungarree |
| Four | marroo, boorko |
| Friend | murrkano, koomballee, malleree, maladee |
| Frightened | waia |
| Full (filled up) | weenya |
| Full (satisfied) | weenya koondago |
| Full of holes | mulleegooro, mulyee marro, mootchee marro |
| Further | war-wa, warapa |
| Game, a | weeree |
| Gently | tchookar tchooka |
| Get up, to | kulbai, kubernmur |
| Ghost | jooho, warraka, parree?, yakano, warraga, kuj'eger |
| Girdle of opossum hair | thooram |
| Give, to | yoongeroo, yoongo, yungaroo |
| Give up, to | koontego |
| Glutton | peenanarree, mindeegullera |
| Go astray, to | worrerwarrer, wokkai |
| Go away, to | bungarree, yanta bella, wokkai |
| Go back, to | kullenjerree, kullanjarree |
| Go in, to | yeentama, thoono wokkai |
| Go out, to | wokkai, pooee, wokkai, konakurdee |
| Good | wabba, wanberree, mokoora, moonga |
| 23 | |
| Good, no | wait-ka, meeta wabba, wokka |
| Gorge, a | wilga, woorunga, murree |
| Gorge (to overfeed) | peenanarree |
| Grave | thungee, yoondee, thoongarree |
| Grease, to | weea gweera, nyeerilgo, wontheroo, jingee wontherkee, jinjee |
| Great | mama, mumma., mirriga |
| Green | baldarra, peelin, bulthera |
| Greyheaded | meerdina, joo-joo, yilka midda-midda, meerooka |
| Grief | boonga-wailga, werriga |
| Grind, to | wilpargo, yeera kuna |
| Grow | kulbai, taree, wungamulgoo |
| Growl, to (as a dog) | warrarree, bujja wannega |
| Gum, edible | kurdamandaman, kardung |
| Gun | killaman, jillaman, tchilaman |
| Half caste | mar'a'murda |
| Hair stick | banungarree, yeree |
| Hair string (wound round head) | mirreeaj, weelo, poorooroo |
| Half | mulurda, marthoo, mannee |
| Halt, to | bannama, barnee |
| Hammer (native) | kajjoo, boort boor |
| Handle | warla |
| Handsome | wakkeeabba, moola middowelga |
| Hang | nalkama, kangarra wandarrama |
| Hard | koonpoo, karra, karrath |
| Harsh (rough) | kurra woora |
| Hatchet | kajjoo |
| Hate | meeta bulbee |
| Haunch | thangeree, thanjeree |
| He | halloo |
| Hear, to | wangarree |
| Heaven | warraka goddilla, barl-ba |
| Heavy | thoogur, oongomoonda, tadbun, talbun |
| Here | noola, nooda |
| 24 | |
| Hers | balloo |
| , , | |
| Hide, to | mil'ye'go, meelyego, milyemuna |
| High | kunkurra mundeewanga, kungara |
| Him | balloo |
| Hold, to | takelgo, kunjekee, thukenma |
| Home, hearth or bed | joonjee |
| Honey | mullernarra, koongooworra |
| Hop, to | mungungarree, janda |
| House | maia |
| Humpbacked | mooroboopa, moorajooren |
| Hungry | wanga, boogandee, kamoongoo, gamungo, kumonoo, hookundigo, koomangino, kumingo |
| Hunt, to | weeanno, wee-ano, pin-kai, wagarree? |
| I | ngai ngangana? ngatuko, yinjee, naija, neg-go, nai, ai'joo |
| Idle | wonda-wonda |
| Ill (sick) | weerago, wirrikoo, mindik, werrigo |
| Imitate, to | jaggelgo |
| Immediately | mooreeantee |
| Improper | mootcha bad woman = warda-warda |
| In (within) | toonunga, thoonoo, toono |
| Incest | mootchee pinderee |
| Increase | kooma mukkai, marrow-wonago |
| Inform, to | kuddergurra |
| Inside | toonunga |
| It | noola |
| Itch | yimmil, yimmitcharree, yemilwonego |
| Jail | moolee |
| Jealous | panthera, woolgargoo, bajja, pundarra, buntharra |
| Jealousy | panthera, woolgargoo, bajja, pundarra, buntharra |
| Jeer | toondago |
| Jest, to | weerdee, jaggelgo |
| Journey, to make a | wokkai, wannaloo |
| Joy | wabba, tchingarree |
| Jump, to | mungangarree, jeerankarree, mumangarra |
| 25 | |
| Keep | kungerkee, tchapperamurra, tchapperamalgo |
| Kick | tharlakee, punyaroo, bunyilgo |
| Kill, to | noonda karoo, noonda mukkai, ngooyoothal |
| Kiss, a | booyulgo, boo'ar'kee, booyunma tchapantchalgo, pooyalgo |
| Kiss, to | booyulgo, boo'ar'kee, booyunma tchapantchalgo, pooyalgo |
| Knife | jumberarree, joomberarree, tchumberree |
| Knock, to (down) | neekoo |
| Knot | poolin |
| Know, to | wanyerberree, wongaberree |
| Large | jeelara mumma |
| Last, of anything or anyone | pantha |
| Laugh | toonigo, thoonego, toondago |
| Laughter | toonigo, thoonego, toondago |
| Lay, to eggs | tchumboo nyeroo |
| Lazy | wonda wonda, wanda wanda |
| Lead, to | yerree kundee, yed'a koontee |
| Lean (thin) | weeberee, batcha, pulya, bēlya, koorabin wibber mooltha koorabin = hatchet-faced |
| Leap, to | mun'en'gerree, jeerarkarree |
| Learn, to | wan'yarree |
| Leave (to go away) | wok-kego |
| Lie (to lie down) | narree, bambanarree, bannama |
| Lie (to tell a) | walla wonga, peea, peeawongee |
| Lift up, to | kungerarmunmer, kal'bai, kunker mukkee |
| Light (not heavy) | meeta tadburn, nakkan, waiallyee |
| Light a fire, to | kala kumbai |
| Like (similar) | inja |
| Listen, to | wunarree, koolgawonnee |
| Little | koobeja, tchoomberree, thoonkarra, koola-koola, koombarra |
| Living, alive | wonga |
| Locality | oo-ra |
| Loiter, to | barnee, tcheetarree |
| Long | wan'arra munder-wonga |
| Long ago | bul'yelya, ballum, palalya |
| Long hair | koolkera wanarra |
| Long time | balalyee, palalya, bulyelya |
| Longing for (wanting) | bulbee, mumma bulbee, wool-go |
| 26 | |
| Look for, to | wotharree, watheree |
| Look out, to | now-wai |
| Look, to (to see) | nakkima, nakaroo, nowena, nukoo-mertha |
| Loose | kung-ang, yen-gee-ma |
| Lose, to | tcheembai, jin-mai, jai-ena |
| Lose | jim-bai, jai-ena |
| Love, to | bulbee, mumma bulbee |
| Lover | ngooba |
| Low | koota, thoonoo |
| Lying (down) | narrigo, narrama, bannama |
| Mad | ngurra ngurra |
| Madness | ngurra ngurra |
| Make, to | yanemal, genenemulgo, yennamulgo, karo, yannamurro, warra nulgoo |
| Many | marro |
| Marry, to | koombong, koombo, koombungo, kumbungoo |
| Master, a | numballee |
| Matches | beeree |
| Me | nai, naijoo, ai'joo, naitchoo |
| Meat | moola, mulla |
| Medicine | mullin, mullan |
| Memory ("remember or recollect") | meeta ngoweree (not forget) |
| Mend, to | gen'en'era, yennemaro, kardakee |
| Message | wonga |
| Message sticks | wonga |
| Mia (native hut) | murdo, maia |
| Middle | multherella, mathoo, malthoodalla, moderella |
| Milk | beebee |
| Millstone | maiarra = nether millstone, paroo = upper |
| Mimic, to | jaggalgo |
| Mind, to | tchepermalgo (corruption of "shepherd the flocks") |
| Mine (my own) | nai'oo, naijootanda |
| Misunderstand, to | meeta wangaberree |
| Mix, to | koolamarree, koomamurra |
| Mock, to | jaggalgo, tow'agee |
| Monster (fabulous) | thooroo |
| Motherless | booyama, bultcha |
| Mount, to (on a horse) | kulbai |
| 27 | |
| Mourning | jajjee |
| Move, to | bung-arree |
| Much | marro |
| Murder | yoondemunna |
| Music | tabbee, thabbee |
| My | nai |
| Naked | worrajain, tcheebee, warree yabba |
| Name | eenee, yinnee, yeenee |
| Near | moona moona, moona, munna munna |
| Netting | takada, thagoora, takkara, takoora |
| Never | meeta, warloo |
| New | eejong, gangoo, eepingo |
| Nice | wabba, wanberree |
| No | meeta, meeda, waiajoon |
| None | meeta, meeda |
| North | yabaroo |
| Nose stick | mootcharree |
| Not | yabba, joon |
| Nothing | yooloo, meeta |
| Now (at once) | eejala, eejulla, yeejilla |
| Number, a | marrum, marro |
| Not (yabba), used as an adjunct, as: | wonga yabba, tallee yabba talk not tongue not (dumb) |
| Offended | bajjer kar |
| Offensive | wilka |
| Oh! | thow! yaa! yukkai, nai'ee |
| Old | joojoo, mendana, merruga, joolyoo |
| One | kunjarree, koonjerree, purda, eeka murda |
| Only | yeeker mudda |
| Open | yeet-ee-mul |
| Opening | moolyee |
| Open, to | beelin'mul, moolyeemunna, wan-ger-ee |
| Other | pal-oo-na |
| Our | nallee, ngillee tanda, allee kooroo |
| Over | mungan'garree |
| Often | wandera, used as an affix or adjunct : as, banba wandera = sleep often wonga wandera = talk often |
| 28 | |
| Pain | weereego, pil'allee, werigo |
| Paint, to | neerigo |
| Pair | koothera |
| Pant, to | burra barree |
| Parched up | beejoo, maroon |
| Passion | bajja, beeja, baia |
| Path (track) | eereear, yeereear |
| Paw | mara |
| Pearl-shell | weeree, weerdee, peera-peera |
| Peeled Stick (used for hair ornament) | yeeree |
| Penetrate, to | therbee |
| Perhaps | moondee wai |
| Pick up, to | thakkaroo, thakalgo |
| Pierce, to | therbee |
| Pinch, to | beereejalgo, beereejulgo |
| Pinion (wing) | mardalee |
| Place | oora; this place = ngaidoo; that place = ngainoo |
| Place, to | wantherkee |
| Plain | pulgara |
| Play, to | weerdee, weeree mukkai, weedee |
| Playing | weerdee, weeree mukkai, weedee |
| Pleased, to be | wabba |
| Plenty | marroo, maaro, marro ween'ya, koolya?, wintho |
| Pluck out feathers, to | parda mulgo, pulreemal? |
| Point | koorabin |
| Pointed Spear | koorabin |
| Pounding Roots (act of) | kur'oo |
| Praise (approval) | jeelamulgo |
| Presently | minnawarra |
| Pretty | wabba, ngarka, wilka yabba (not face bad) |
| Prickles | tchirree, jeeree |
| Produce, to (animals having young) | yerril, bunkai, yinden |
| Proper | wabba, wanberree |
| Proud | kumbeedee, kunmurra |
| Provisions | marn-yoo |
| 29 | |
| Pull, to | pulreemal, pai-en-men-ma, peereejarra, purrenma |
| Push, to | thathan'ma |
| Put in Order, to | wanderama |
| Putrid | pooka, booka |
| Quick | moordee, moo'reeantee, moorermur |
| Quickly | moordee, moo'reeantee, moorermur |
| Quiet | wangee yabba maioo narnee, wanga yabba (talk not) |
| Quietly | wangee yabba maioo narnee, wanga yabba (talk not) |
| Raise, to | kulbai, kun'gera menma, kulbergeree |
| Rapid | moordee, moodee, mooreeantee |
| Raw | wangar |
| Really | wai |
| Recover, to | nardee, mung-wai |
| Red | murdamurda, marda |
| Refuse, to | koondego, koontego |
| Remain, to | barnego, ban'nama, bun'nama |
| Remember, to | meeta ngowarree (not forget) |
| Retaliate, to | tchingee tchingee |
| Return, to | kullengarree, kullengerree |
| Revenge | koonta, karrama, kownta |
| Revenge, to | koonta, karrama, kownta |
| Right | jumbo (as right hand = marra jumbo) |
| Rob, to | moorarkee |
| Roll over, to | muddee muddee malgo moodee moodee-malgo |
| Rope | mirrajee |
| Rot, to | pooka |
| Rough | koorakoora |
| Roundabout | womboo, pallee-pallee |
| Rub, to | thoonalgoo |
| Run away, to | mootcharee, winbawe, winbai-wokkai |
| Run, to | win-bai |
| Sad | punga walka, bultha wokka, boonga watcha |
| Safe | wabba |
| Salt | gintarel, jintarel, kurree, jintha |
| Satisfied | bulbee, ekkelba |
| Scab | unta, moonjoo |
| Scar | weelka, warbungaboo? |
| 30 | |
| Scold, to | pin-a-kee |
| Scrape, to | yeerbern |
| Scratch, to | yeerbee |
| Search, to | wotharree, wotherree |
| Secrete, to | milyeego, milleego |
| See, to | naka, ngakkeroo, weenano, ngaminal? nakkaroo |
| Separate | pindee pindee, peereejarra |
| Separate, to | pindee pindee munna |
| Separated | pindee pindee |
| Seven | marroo |
| Shadow | marlo, marloo |
| Shake, to | kooree kooree, ngonda |
| Shaking (quivering) | koonta koonta muggo |
| Shallow | meeta poonta (not deep) |
| Shank | koojee |
| Share | , |
| Sharp (edge), a | umboo |
| Sharp (point) | baitcha, beetcha |
| Sharpen, to | yeera gulla, baitcha munna |
| She | balloo, burnan, bungo |
| Shield | yarra, koordijjee, yatta, yandijerree |
| Ship | yandijburra |
| Shiver, to | koonta koonta muggo, burra burra |
| Short (stumpy) | kumboo, koota |
| Shout, to | kulthergo, meeree, kullago |
| Shut, to | thaia moonda |
| Shy | waia, waia bud oo |
| Sick (ill) | weerago, mindik, kalkallee, werrigo |
| Silent, to be | wangee yabba (talk not) |
| Silly | kooya woya, ngarree ngarree, ngurra ngurra |
| Sing, to | tabbee |
| Single | yeeka |
| Sit down, to | barnee boongoo, wilkandee, panterarrima, pandeenammoo, barnee, bannama, burnee-ngarra |
| Six | marro |
| Slow | mulyarree, yoonarra, tchooga |
| 31 | |
| Slowly | mulyarreema, narnee |
| Small | koola koola, koolo koolo |
| Small piecd, a | koolo koolo koopeejerree |
| Smear, to | boontho |
| Smile, to | thoonago, thoonee |
| Smoke, to (tobacco) | noomee |
| Smoke, of fires | tchootchoo, joo joo, koorngo |
| Smooth | karano |
| Snap, to | puk-kai |
| Sob | narthikoo |
| Soft | joolyoo |
| Somebody | toomalgo |
| Song | tabbee |
| Sorcery, sorcerer | mabburngurra, moppin kulbreea, mobban |
| Sore (or boil) | noornda, unta, nganda |
| Sorrow | boonga watcha, bultha wokkai |
| South | tchin-kai, tchingai, tchinko |
| Sparks | jinda |
| Spear (generic term) | peelarra, markundoo, koojarra, weera weera, koojarda, kaijarree |
| Spear (hunting) | kurrajadda |
| Spear, to | peelarramarra, kurra kurroo |
| Spear, to throw a | peelarra mooga-thar-oo?, tookadalgo |
| Spear (war) | kooro, mukkando, kooroo, wilgardoo, koojabukka |
| Speedily | moodee, moordee |
| Spill, to | boongai |
| Spin, to (weave) | bathalgo |
| Split, to | yatharong |
| Spring, to | mummungarree? |
| Sprinkle, to) | punja punja |
| Stand, to | ka-rego karrima |
| Stare at, to | nowee momma |
| Startle, to | mulberwonhee, waia kunma |
| Steal, to | mootcheree, mooarkee, mootchereema |
| Steep (high) | koongera, kungera, kunjera |
| Stick | wanta, wanda, weera |
| Stiff | karra |
| 32 | |
| Still (quiet) | wangee yabba |
| Sting | bar-kee |
| Stir, to | moolee moolee |
| Stir up, to | moolee moolee |
| Stolen | meega munna |
| Stoop, to | thoolo |
| Stop! | barnego, kar-ego, ban-ee-mai, karreema, bunnego, bunneema |
| Stop, to | barnego, kar-ego, ban-ee-mai, karreema, bunnego, bunneema |
| Straight | thoora, thoorkal, turko, kurko, toorigal |
| Straight, to put | thoorat wantherkee, thoorkal menma |
| Stranger | munjong, munjung (munyung means "aged" in the Pinjarra dialect) |
| Strangle, to | minnoo kāroo, joona malgo |
| Strength | ngunga |
| Strike, to | talkooro, wanbekee |
| String, of a bag | mirrajee, bingoora |
| Strong | ngunga, koorpoo, noongo, murnda |
| Stuck (fast) | nagoolgo |
| Sufficient | bulbee |
| Sugar | tookardoo, kungara |
| Sulky (cross) | bajja, batcha, baitcha |
| Summer | yoora, walla merra |
| Surprise, to | mulbawannee |
| Sweet | tookerda, thookerda, koondo, kongowoora |
| Swell, to | jaaka |
| Swim, to | boonthai, kaiarree, kaieeree, poondee |
| Take care, to | meeta jai-a-na |
| Take care of this | tchaperamelgo |
| Take in the hand, to | mara kunjenma, mar-unga thukanma |
| Take, to | kalberoo, thukeroo, munkwee |
| Tall | murndawanga, wanara |
| Teach, to | kuddergurra |
| Tear, to | winderoo |
| Tease, to | yoonamulgo |
| Tell me | wangama, wongee ngaija, wongee ngai |
| Tell, to | wanga |
| Ten | marroo |
| That very thing | nooda, noola |
| 33 | |
| There | noola, bala koola |
| They | bala koola |
| Thief | mindamumma |
| This | noola, noono, noolan (this place) ngaidoo |
| This one | noono, ngaidoo |
| This way | noola yeereeyoo, noono eerdeea, noola wainjee |
| Those | oondilya |
| Thrash, to | thalkooro, talkooroo, won-bekai |
| Three | pooroogoo, boorgoo poorkoo, jerwiddee |
| Through, pierced | therbee |
| Throw, to | neekee, nyee-roo, nee-aroo |
| Throwing | nee ernma |
| Throwing board | yimmee tcharinma, meero |
| Tickle, to | yerwee, kajja kujja |
| Tie, to | manteroo, tchungalgo, jan-gar-kee |
| Tie up, to | manteroo munma, jan-gar-kee |
| Tired | wanda wanda, yowerarree, koondego |
| Tobacco | ngummerree, nummee |
| Together | kooma, ngallee (we two) |
| Tomahawk | kojjoo, kaijoo, watha, kējoo |
| Top (of anything) | kunkulla, kunkurra, yoolga |
| Track (footprint) | jeena punyuna |
| Track, to | eeree, jenna nowwee, jeena mulgo |
| Trackless | meeta yeeree ar |
| Tread, to | banyerkee, bunyinma, punyeroo |
| Turn back, to | kalamunna, kullinjarree |
| Turn over, to | yaleegolarree |
| Two | kutherra, kootharra, kootero |
| Ugly | ngarla walga, meeta mokkoora |
| Unconnected | meeta kooma (not together) |
| Uncooked meat | wanga moola, wanga |
| Under | thoo-onga, toonoo, thoono |
| Underneath | toonoonga |
| Understand, to | wanyarree, wongaberree, wanyaberree |
| Unfasten, to | wan-jib-benma, watch parkee, wongarama |
| Unintelligible | meeta wongaberree |
| 34 | |
| Unwell | weerago, mindik, jin'eear'ree |
| Upright, upwards | kungara, kunkera |
| Us | ngillee, ngallee, nallee, yanalyee, allee |
| Useless | wilka, wotcha |
| Vain (proud) | kunmurra, kumbeedee, kumbeedee, wonnee |
| Very | marroo |
| Very bad | mumma wilka |
| Very good | moondee, mokooara, mumma wabba, wanberree |
| Vessels (bark, etc) | yandee |
| Vicious | baia, batcha, bajja |
| Wait, to | tchitharree, tchilarree, chitarree, tchootarree |
| Warm | koolo, kooloo, winno |
| Wash, to | willee willee, weelya weelya, willigee willigee |
| Weak | ngunga yabba (strong not) |
| Weighty (heavy) | koopoo, tadburu |
| Well (not sick) | wanberree |
| West | woolajoo, woolajee, wilajoo |
| Wet | moonthee, munthee |
| What | nala, aarna, nalla-wai, ngala, nulla |
| Where | winjee, winjela, winthala, wongela |
| Which | winjee |
| Whistle | weenmago, winjer? |
| White | millee millee, midmidda, middamidda |
| Who | aarna, nalla, nulla |
| Whole | jooloo, tchooloo |
| Wicked | wilka, walga, witka |
| Wild native | waia budda |
| Winter | moothoo, mootho |
| Wither, to | oo'yoo'won'ego |
| Within | thoononga |
| Wood | tamara, wonda, ba-o-na, boona, boona kulla, warnda, pinnaroo |
| Wound, to | nganda |
| Wrong | meeta mokoora |
| 35 | |
| Yellow | barrakurra |
| Yes | ko, koo, goopa, ko-ko, oopa, yo? |
| You | yinda, yingo, nyingo, yengo, yenda |
| Your | yingundo, yingo |
| Yours | yingo, yingo tanda, yindagooro |
| Afraid, I am not, of you | ngaija meeta waia yinda Ngai meeta war yinda |
| Afraid, What are you, of? | Nalla yinda waia Narnee yinda war Narlar arra yingo waia |
| Asleep, He is | Baloo bumba, nooda bamba Ngunga bumba, nar bumba |
| A heavy sleeper | pompangarree |
| Bad, That is very | Wailka mamma, noola jineearree, noola mumma wailka |
| Bad, You are | Yingo wailka, yinda jineearree, yinda welka |
| Brother, He is my | Nago kaja, nar nyan'doo'keer |
| Brother, That is my | Nola nyandoo kogarree, multhel nagal kego |
| Bury him | Thoongarree lowantharroo wuntherkee, thoongarree |
| Care, Take, of | Tchaperamalgo, bulga bulga |
| Carry this | Kulberoo noola, kulbura nooda |
| Cattle, Bring in the | Kulbultha bulleeman Tcheeperoo ko-kai bullaman Bullaman kubbakai |
| Cattle, Did you see the? | Yingo nakeroo, bullaman, Yinda ngukinma bullaman |
| Children, Where are your? | Winjala yindamulgamarro? Winthala yingoo mungoola |
| Come from, Where do you? | Winjala yinda milbai Winjala yingo kookai, wonjela arra yingo kokai Wanjellangurra nyinda |
| Come here | Ko-kai, kookai, karboo, moona, gokai |
| Come, I, from | Nooda nai milbai, ngaijoo kookai |
| Come in | Milbai toono, thoona kookai |
| Come, I will | Naia kookai, ngaijoo kookai, naia milbai |
| Coming, They are | Nooda eejela milbai, noono marro kunung kurree |
| Coming with you, I am | Nai kunung kurree koomoo yinda Nai milbai yinda kooma |
| 36 | |
| Cook that --- | Noola kumbai kumbargo noola, nooda kumbai |
| Country, What is the name of your? | Wanjella nyingoo nyinda Nalla yinda nurrayon Mala yinnee yingoo noora Nulla eenee yingo boojur |
| Country, Where is your? | Winjala yingo boojur Winjala yinda nurra Wanja yingo yeenta Winthala yingoo noora |
| Coward, You are a | Yinda waia, yingo waia |
| Daughter, Is that your? | Nooda yinda kooree Noola nyaando noordin (?) |
| Dead, he is | Baloo noondee, noola ngoondee Mooya nooda, yoondee nooda nar yoondee |
| Deceiving me, You are | Yinda pee thoondemal' nai Yinda walla wonja naia Yingo peeawonga barnee |
| Dingoes, Are there many? | Wai marro mootchera, marro mootchara barnee, marro yookooroo |
| Do this (like this) | noola weela |
| Doing, What are you? | Narnee mukkai yinda |
| Eat, Can you, this? | Yinda nar kwee, yinda bajelgo nooda Yingo baitcheroo noola, Yingo bajelgo noola |
| Father, he is my | Baloo ngaijoo mumardee, nooda nai maman Noola ai-joo mumardee |
| Find, Where did you, them? | Winjala yinda tukinma Winthala yinda burndama |
| Fire, Make a | kala kumbai, kala kāro Kala kumberoo, kumbai kala |
| Fire, Make by friction | Kala kumbai |
| Fish, Catch some | Tukinma pee, mungwee kow'ee Thakeroo pee, pee kulborra |
| Fish, Cook that | Kumberkee kowee, kumbaipee |
| Flour, I want some | Nai bulbee flour, nai watheree flour Nai bulbee yoondera |
| Food, Give me | Yungaroo bajelgo Yungaroo nai murree murree Yungaroo naia marnyoo |
| Food, I cannot get | Naia meeta mungwee murnyoo Aijoo meeta thakeroo murree murree |
| Food, I have no | Nai meeta bannama murree murree |
| Food, I want | Naia meeta kunjerkee murnyoo, Ngaijoo meeta bajelgo |
| Food, I will give you | Nai yungero murree murree, waia yoongo yinda marnyoo |
| 37 | |
| Food, Where shall I find | winjela murree murree Winthala nya burndeekee marnyoo Wonja marra mooree banama |
| Friend, I am your | Ngaijoo yingo mallardee Nai boolbee yinda |
| Get along | Boongarree ma |
| Get up | Kulbai, kurbai |
| Give me | Yungeroo nai, yoongo maia, yungaroo ngaijoo |
| Give it to me | Yoongoroma naia, yungeroo nai nooda, yongaroo noola aijoo |
| Go away | Wokkai boongarreema, yantaballa |
| Go before me | Wokkai bullera, yinda boola boongarree, bullera wokkai |
| Go behind me | Yinda panthoo boongarree Wokkai banthoo |
| Go, I will, now | Aijoo eejala wokkai, naia eejala boongarree |
| Going away, I am | Ngaijoo wokkai, nai minnawarra wokkai |
| Going to-, I am | Nai wok-kigo nooda, ai-joo wokkai |
| Gone, He has just | Nooda bullilya wokkai, eejala wokkana, Noola eejala boongarree |
| Gone, he has, to | Noola bungarrina |
| Gone, Where has he? | Winthala noola bungarree Winjala wokkai nooda |
| Good, That is no | Noola meeta wobba Nar meeta mokoora Nooda meeta wobba |
| Good, That is very | Noola wobba, noola mama wobba Nar moma mokoora, nooda wobba |
| Good, You are no | Yinda meeta wobba, Yinda meeta mokoora Yingo meeta wabba |
| Good, You are very | Yinda moma mokoora Yingo mumma wabba Yinda mundee wobba Yingo mumma wabba |
| Go, I, to | Aijoo moontoo wokkai |
| Go quickly | Mooreeandee wokkai, moorema bungarree |
| Go quietly | Narnee bungarree Mulyanoo wokkai Wokky jookawarra |
| Go there | Wokkai noodana, noono bungarree |
| Go you | Yingo wokkai, yinda wokkai Yindo bungarree |
| 38 | |
| Here it is | Noola banama, noodana banama |
| Hill, What is the name of that? | Nala yinee nar murnda? Narla noola munda yeenee? Nalla nooda munda yinnee |
| Horses, Bring in the? | Kulberoo yow'erda, kulbero yowerda Joolo yowerda kulberkee |
| Horses, Did you see the? | Yingo nukkeroo yowerda Yinda nagaroo yowerda Yinda ngukkima yowerda |
| House, Am I near a? | Ai-joo moona moona maia Narnee naia moona maia Wai nai moona moona |
| House, Are we getting near the? | Allee moonamoona mai eejela Wai yanlee moona moona maia |
| Husband, Is that your? | Nooda yinda ngooba, noola yingo yakkan Nooda yinda yakkan Noola yengo yukken |
| Husband, Where is your? | Wonjela yingo yakkan Winthala yingo yakkan Winjala yinda ngooba |
| Ill, I am | Naia jinee arree, aijoo weerago Ngaijoo werrigo |
| Ill, You are | Yingo warrago, yindo werrigo, yinda hubeearree |
| Is that your ---- | Noola yingo - Nar yingendoo Nooda yinda |
| Kangaroo, Are you hunting? | Yingo watherree mungaroo Yinda patcharree watharree |
| Kangaroo, Where shall I find? | Winthala naia banima patcharree Winjala mungaroo banama Wonja aijoo nukkeroo mungaroo |
| Killed, He has been | Noondee paloora, balboo noondee karo |
| Killed, Who has, him? | Arna moondee paroo oondilya Nalla ngoo-oo-thal nooda Narnee yoonda mukkai noola |
| Killed, You have, him | Yingo noondee paroo thalkeroo paloora Yinda yoonda mukkai noola Yinda ngoo-oo-thal |
| Know, I | Aijoo wongaberree, nai wongaberree Naia wungarree |
| Know, I do not | Naia meeta wungarree Nai meeta wongaberree Ngaijoo meeta wongaberree Ngaia meeta wonjerbee Naijoo wongaberree joon |
| Lake, What is the name of that? | Narla yinnee noono bowa |
| Lake, Where is the? | Winthala bowa bana |
| Lazy, You are | Yingo wanda wanda |
| Leave me | Naiyeeka, banama, bungarree ma |
| Let it alone | Kooyoo, barnee |
| Lie down | Narrama, ngarree bannee, banama |
| 39 | |
| Listen to me | Wongaberree nai, wanyarree naia bow, ngaijoo wangee |
| Long time ago, That was a | pal'-al-yee, bal'allee nar moondee ballum, pulelya |
| Lying, He is, down | Noola narreema Paloora narrago, nooda ngarree bannee, balloo banama |
| Mother, She is my | Noola naia nunkardee Aijoo nungerdee Nooda nai nungadee Burnan bungo ngaijoo mungardee |
| Mother-in-law, She is my | Burnan bungo ngaijoo tooa Noola naia thooa |
| Name, What is your? | Noola eenee, nāla yingo yinnee Nala yinda yinnee, nulla eenee yingo |
| Natives, How many, are there? | Nala marro unkarberree bunama Marro marda barnee noono Mardo womba banama |
| Natives, Where are the? | Wanda ngurda Winjee womba banama Wonthanee nunkaberree Wonje unkuberree Winthala narda barnee |
| Native, Who is this? | Arna noola unkaberree Nalla nooda nunkaberree Narnee nar naroo mulla eenee noola womba |
| Rising, The river is | Mungardoo kulbai, moorai kulbai Mungudoo kurbai, mummababba banama mooree |
| River, What is the name of that? | Narla yinnee noola mooree Nalla yinnee nooda mooree, Nala yinnee weerka |
| River, Where is the? | Wonjela mooree, winjela mooree Winthala weerka barnee Winjee mooree |
| Run away | Winbai, mutcharee, mootcharree, wokkai |
| Sea, Am I near the? | Aijoo moona moona breer, Ngaijoo moona moona pooreea Nai moona moona booreea |
| Search for that | Watharee oondilya, wootheree, Watheree noola |
| Shoot that | Meendija gunma, mindin mukkai noola |
| Sleep, I shall now | Aijoo eejela bumba, nai bamba eejela ngaijoo bamba yeejilla |
| Slow, You are very | Yingo tchooga tchooga, yinda mundee wandathal |
| Speak, Do not | Meeta wangee |
| Spear, Where is your? | Wonjela yingo peelarra, Winjala yinda pilarra Winthela yinda koorarda |
| 40 | |
| Station, Are we getting near the? | Allee moona moona maia |
| Stay with me | Banama aijoo kooma, Barnee kooma naijoo Banama nai kooma |
| Stay, you, here | Banama nooda, yingo banama noola Yingo karrago noola |
| Steal, From whom did you? | Winjala yinda minjeemal |
| Stolen, You have, that | Yinda minjemal nooda Yingo mootcharree noola Yinda mooyak noola |
| Stop here | Barnee noono, banama nooda, banama noola |
| Take this to | Kalbero nooda, kulberoo, kuberkee na |
| Tell .... to come to me | Wangee .... kookai ngaijoo, Wangee milbai nai moona kunung kurra |
| That, I want | Naia bulbee noola |
| Tired, I am | Naia yower yarree, wather eerago |
| Track, Where is the? | Wonja yeereea, winthela eerdeea Winjee eeree |
| Tree, what is the name of that? | Nallee yinnee nooda wanda Nalla yinnee noola poona Nulla eenee wanda |
| True, That is not | Moontee wai, peea wongee, Noola meeta moondee, Noola walla wangee |
| Turkey, Where shall I find a? | Wonja aijoo nukkeroo pad'oo'a Winthela naia burndunma bardoora Winjala wai padoora Winjee ngaija nakkeroo woondarree |
| Understand, Do you? | Yingo wongaberree, Yinda wanyarree, Yinda wanyaberree |
| Understand, I do not | Aijoo meeta wongaberree Nai meeta wanyaberree Ngaijoo meeta wangaberree |
| Want, What do you? | Arna yinta wattheree, Nalla yinda bulbee Narla yinda watheree, nulla watheree |
| Water, Am I near? | Aijoo moona moona babba, Naia barnee moona bowa Wai nai moona moona babba |
| Water, Boil some | Kumbai bower, kumbai babba |
| Water, Give me | Yoongo maia bowa, yoongeroo aijoo babba, yoongero nai babba |
| Water, Have you found? | Babba banama, wai babba banama Yinda burndenma bowa |
| Water, I cannot find | Babba meeta bunama, Nai meetatukkima babba Naia meeta burnde kee bowa |
| 41 | |
| Water, I want some | Nai bulbee babba, ngaijoo bulbee babba, Naia boolbee bowa |
| Water, Where shall I find? | Wonja babba bunama Winjala nai tukkima babba Winjee babba banama Winthala nya burndekee bowa Winjee naija nakkeroo bubba |
| Waterhole, Where is the? | Wonja babba moolyee, winthela mooree barnee, winjela wai babba banama |
| Way, Come this | Kookai noola eeree, kookajee, milbai nooda nilla Noono kunung kurree |
| Way, Go that | Poonyoo kooroo wokama, noona buhgarree, wokkai nooda nilla |
| Well, where is the? | Winjala yoongo, winthala "well" |
| What is it? | Narnee, naa, nalla, nalla kundul |
| Where are you going? | Wonja yingo wokkai Winjala wokkai Winthala yinda bungarree |
| Where do you come from? | Winjala yinda milbai, thellingar oora yinda thellinjaroora yinta, wonthonee yinda kookai |
| White man's house, Where is the? | Winjela maia wonthanee maia Wonja "whitefellow" maia, Winthala whitefellow maia |
| Who is that? | Nulla eenee noola, arnoo oontho Nalla nooda banama |
| Who is there? | Arnoo bunama, narnee barnee noono, Nalla nooda banama |
| Wife, Is that your? | Noola yinga yakkan, noona yinda toodo, Narnee naa yinda yakkan |
| Wife, She is my | Nooda nai toodo, noona naia arndoo yakkan, Noola aijoo yakkan |
| Wife, Where is your? | Winjala yinda toodo, winthala yinda yakkan, Winjala murnga, winjee yingo yann, winja yingo yakkan |
| Wood, Find some | Watherree poona, thama burndenma, watheree bookera |
| Wounded, I am | Naia jineearree |
| You and I | Ngallee, ngillee-ngallee |
| You two | Yinda koothera, yingo koojarro, yinda kootal |
| S.H. Meares | |
| 4. Yes. Native women have been known to have half-caste children and black children. | |
| 5. The doctors are buried in branches of trees. | |
| 8. Spear them. | |
| 9. No. | |
| 12. No peculiar diseases | |
| 20. Yes | |
| 21. Kangaroos, emus, tree seeds, turkeys, duck, roots, etc. | |
| 22. None | |
| 23. No | |
| 24. The roots of the flooded gum and kangaroo dung. | |
| 25. No | |
| 26. None | |
| 27. They believe they come as devils and walk about the face of the earth. | |
| 28. None | |
| 29. Yes | |
| 30. No | |
| 32. No calculation | |
| 43 | |
| Frank H. Cornish | |
| 3. The only law that I have ever heard of here is that the father and mother give their daughter to a certain man and if they are also willing to be married to one another, then the man takes possession of the girl. | |
| 4. This is not confirmed as I know there is an aboriginal woman in the district who has a boy half caste 6 years old and one black (pure) boy 4 years old. | |
| 5. I have only seen one native buried. They simply roll the corpse up in all his old clothes and blanket, dig a hole and put the body into it. To explain this thoroughtly would take up a lot of room as they go on with some very antics such as hitting themselves on the heads with sticks and throwing themselves very heavily on the ground. | |
| 6. The natives around here mostly have their hair cut short, of course some have long hair. | |
| 7. Spears, boomerangs, peelarrows. | |
| 8. Mostly by shooting them gun Some have kangaroo dogs, others use spears. | |
| 9. None to my knowledge. | |
| 12. Colds, rheumatics and all sorts of venereal diseases. | |
| 22. Yes, when they are holidaying they all boil it more or less. | |
| 23. No. | |
| 24. Not used in this district to my knowledge. | |
| 44 | |
| J.O. Brown, Roebourne | |
| See page 98 for note on No. 1 and 3. | |
2. Buckallie - rite of initiation, making a boy a man. The chest is cut and the wounds filled up with ashes. The arms are also tied above the elbow with mirigee (string). The string is kept tight for days and in consequence of the circulation being stopped, sometimes an arm withers up, and the use of it is entirely lost. Circumcision is not practised among the coastal natives. Jaggie - supposed to be mourning for the dead. The old men are cunning and make the young men and women jaggee for certain foods such as turtle, kangaroo, fish etc. often for months. To be jaggie of any particular food means that the natives made jaggie must not eat or taste or even touch that food. Consequently the old men and their favourites get more to eat for the greater number of natives jaggie, say of turtle, the more turtle for the old men and the other natives. |
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| 4. No. I know of two instances where a native woman has borne a half caste child and subsequently a full-blooded black. | |
| 5. They bury the dead in a sitting posture facing the east. The hands are tied to the feet to prevent the warrala (the dead) walking about. The grave is only about 3 ft. deep and just covers the body. | |
| 6. Only the men dress their hair. It is twisted into a roll like a stumpy Chinese pigtail and tied round with natives' hair. The white down from cockatoos is rubbed over and being sticky adheres. A tuft of hair over the forehead is tied up and rubbed with pipeclay. The beard is similarly dressed, bound round with string and brought to a point at the bottom. At this point a string button is attached. | |
| 8. Turkey and emu are trapped with string nets spread near a waterhole, and pulled or drawn over the bird on same principle as the ordinary sieve trap. Most other game are speared or knocked down with waddies or kylies. | |
| 9. In the caves and on the rocks at Depuch Island, 30 miles off the coast from Cossack, there are some of the best drawings in the North West. Mrs. Downs (wife of the Govt. Engineer) at Cossack photographed a number of these about 2 years ago. | |
| 45 | |
| 9. (cont. ) | They represent natives dancing and fishing and various animals and birds. |
| 11. Only death for breaking the marriage laws, and jaggie (see under question 2), or order to certain members of a tribe to fast from specified meat. The old make the orders, as for death or jaggie. | |
| 12. Wall eyes, or cataracts, are very common, and buck (or curved) skins. | |
| 13. They do not seem to have any remedies, except
1. exorcism by the medicine man, called moppin-culbriah 2. burning wound with a fire stick and throwing on ashes and earth. |
|
| 14. Yes. There are many. At the bottom of every deep pool or springs, the natives believe there is a juner, in shape like a great snake. | |
| 15. I do not think so. | |
| 16. I think the territorial limits of the Roebourne district natives are marked by the de Grey, the Tableland and the Fortescue. I could not give the number with any certainty. I should think between 400 and 500. | |
| 17. Gnarloma, the natives are called in the Roebourne district and about the coast. | |
| 18. The next natives to the Roebourne tribes (the Gnarloma) are the Kercardies at the Tableland. | |
| 19. The term "maro juner", literally plenty devil, is a mode of greeting. It is very cordial and friendly and is most extensively used all the way up the coast from Cossack to Derby; in King's Sound, the natives all understand "maro juno" as an affectionate and cordial greeting. | |
| 20. I don't know that they do. (Mr. Viveash days in his time 20 yrs. ago they did, and exchanged weapons chiefly, and their meetings always ended in a fight. | |
| 21. Grass seeds, roots, white ants, fish, turtle, frogs, snakes, iguana, all animals except dogs, all birds except some carrion birds, as hawks and crows. | |
| 22. No, I think not. | |
| 23. Not on the coast or in the Roebourne district, where is undoubted evidence that it did exist further inland. The Kercardies, the Tableland natives, for instance, did eat human flesh. | |
| 24. Any very dry wood. One method is to lay a piece of dry, hard wood down, and bore a small hole in the upper face of it. Then, about the size of a pencil, a round piece of wood is rubbed between the palms of the hands (the point being in the hole) with great rapidity. Some dry leaves and rubbish surround the hole referred to and after a time the friction in the hole causes the leaves and rubbish to ignite. | |
| 25. None. | |
| 26. None whatever. | |
| 28. In the medicine man the moppin culbriah. He pounds and sucks the body of a sick man, runs backwards and forwards, making incantations, brings out (by suction usually) most extraordinary things (i.e. he pretends to), such as bones, sticks, dead frogs, spearheads, stones, etc. | |
| 29. By gestures they indicate a great deal in a lazy way | 1. with the lips, especially the lower lip 2. with the foot, elbow, the fingers. 3. the tongue in the cheek. |
| 30. Have never heard of any. | |
| 31. When natives are travelling they often signal to those behind them, the direction they are going by means of frequent fires which they light as they go along. | |
| 32. Only by days and moons, and summer (hot) wiah, and winter (cold) mootha, weather. | |
| 33. This could be easily done by an intelligent person visiting the district. | |
| No. 1 and 3 | Native marriage laws and consanguinity. |
| Classes under marriage laws are | Burrong (or Boorunggno) Bannacca (or Banigher) Paliarrie (or Paljarrie) Kiamarra (or Kimara) |
| (Note: The first name is most commonly used, as Burrong, not Boorunggno. All natives belong to one of these classes and they marry and their progeny is as shown below:- | (see next page) |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Man | woman | children |
| Burong | Bannocca | Kiammarra |
| Bannacca | Burrong | Paliarrie |
| Paliarrie | Kiamarra | Banacca |
| Kiamarra | Paliarrie | Burrong |
| It will thus be seen that all Kiamarras are brothers and sisters children of the same parents, and the same applies to the other classes, Paliarries, Bannaccas and Burrongs, as shown in childrens columns (3) above. Those in column 3 in the first line, could not marry with either No. 1 or 2 on the same line, for No. 1 and 2 Burrong and Bannacca are parents to No. 3 Kiamarra. Paliarrie on second line in column 3 could not marry with those on the same line in columns 1 and 2 for a similar reason, and the same | |
| applies to the Bannacca and Burrong immediately following in column 3 for they could not marry with the classes in column 1 and 2 on the same lines, respectively. In other words, if Kiamarras and Burrongs, Paliarries and Banniccas, were to unite, it would mean parents marrying with their children, and those of a same class uniting, as a Burrong with Burrong, a Bannacca with Bannacca, would mean brothers and sisters marrying each other. All this is prevented by their marriage laws : parents and their children, and brothers and sisters, must not marry. This native marriage law is very strict and any breach of it is punished by death. It is important | |
| to notice that children always belong to the same class as their grandparents of the same sex. So the grandchild of a Burrong is a Burrong. If the grandchild is a boy, the Burrong grandparent is his grandfather; if the grandchild is a girl, the Burrong grandparent would be her grandmother. | Question 21 (cont.) How obtained is answered in question No. 8. Most food is cooked on the ashes. Kangaroo and emu are often filled with hot stones and roasted on the coals, sometimes wrapped round with clay or bark. |
| There are a number of words which I might term auxiliary verbs, qualifying the meaning of other verbs, as shall, will, may, be and other words (conjunctions) such as or, neither, but, yet and also, etc. Such words have no place in the native language. The verb to be does not exist. And a native could not say I shall, I will, he may, they are, such expressions are only understood when some other word is used to which they refer. |
| Names of native trees, shrubs, etc. | |
| red gum | werangoora |
| white gum | yameria |
| paperbark tree | talgoo and bolger-mellee |
| spinifex | cangee and peero |
| bluebush | coobia |
| curley bark tree | boodowarril |
| tea tree | cooliabin |
| salt bush | janja |
| bark of a tree, the | carboor |
| grass (generic) | warriber |
| a tree (generic) | wanda and boonna |
| Names of implements etc, native weapons, domestic utensils | |
| throwing spear used in hunting | kurradjadda |
| stabbing spears, short | koodjebooka; barbed = markundoo; wilgardoo |
| Instruments for throwing spear | meero and walburr |
| Throwing waddie | wakiburra |
| Kylie | weiro |
| Flint chisel, fixed on end of a waddie. | |
| Woman's wooden cradle about 3 ft. in length used for carrying children, and roots. | |
| Native mill, used for grinding roots and grass seeds. This is a flat stone 18 ins. by 1 ft. on which roots and seeds are pounded with a round smooth stone. |
| 2. Circumcision is practised by the inland tribes, that on the coast does not practise it. The rite is performed about the age of puberty. The arms are also bound with string just above the muscle below the armpit. |
| 3. The tribe is divided into four classes, viz. boo-ro-oo, Pall-yery, Pan-er-ger and Ki-mar-er. A Boo-ro-oo man can only take for a wife one of the other class, a Pan-er-ger woman, I think, and so on. |
| 4. No. I know of one native woman who gave birth to two native children, after having reared a half caste boy. |
| 5. Interment. |
| 6. Bound round with string from just above the ears and tapering to a point in shape of a cone, articles are often carried, bound up within the hair in this way. Another mode is to bind string (usually made of human hair) round the forehead and just above the ears for an inch or two, and let the hair fall over it all round. |
| 7. Spears of several kinds, waddies, shields for defence, used by the hand. Implement for throwing the spear, stone tomahawk, stone chisel for sharpening spears, wooden scoops for carrying water, seeds, etc. |
| 8. Kangaroo are trapped in pits, cunningly dug out and covered over on paths frequented by those animals when going to water, at night, or travelling to their feeding grounds. animals and emu are sometimes caught in nets, set over waterholes when they drink, hunted for with spear, always during heat of the day, when the animal is resting under shade, asleep or dozing. |
| 9. On a sandstone ridge, near Port Hedland, and extending to the westward, numerous instances are to the sun of impressions of animals, fishes and tracks of both, which have been chipped into the soft stone by the natives. |
| 11. There are many tribal laws or customs which are rigorously enforced, usually by the elder men of the tribe; to violate any of these customs is a serious offence, and always leads to trouble. |
| 12. Pneumonia, consumption, venereal, ophthalmia. |
| 13. For wounds of all kinds they use grease, oil, powdered charcoal and wood ashes, smeared over (into) the wound. For fevers, they use water freely, often sitting in it for hours, and keeping the head continually drenched. |
| 14. Yes, they have lots of these, but I cannot repeat any. Songs are often composed in commemoration of some event. Folklore and legends innumerable exist. |
| 15. I don't think so. |
| 16. Somewhere about 2500 square miles. |
| 17. Een-ge-pan-ty, Ingebandi? Ulla or Ull-la |
| 18. Yes, each tribe have their district, though I don't think the boundaries are definitely fixed (merely approximate). |
| 19. No. |
| 20. Yes. |
| 21. Fish, caught with nets, spear by hand and in large bundles of spinifex, rushes or grass. Seeds of various kinds. Animals, insects, honey, birds, roots, fruits, reptiles, grubs, seeds are pounded up and either eaten raw or cooked in ashes, as a damper. |
| 22. No. Large sea shells are often used for rendering down fat. |
| 23. It certainly did before European settlement. |
| 24. Spear woods of various kinds, friction with the hands. |
| 25. The paperbark tree often contains small quantities of matter water? secreted in its bark, this is pricked or tapped, and then another cut. |
| 26. I have often questioned them in this subject and am of opinion that they have absolutely none. |
| 27. I don't think they have any belief in either, they are far too practical to believe in the former. |
| 28. Yes, and they believe he can cause the death of an undesirable person by this means. |
| 29. Yes. |
| 30. I don't think so. |
| Weapons etc. : spears, clubs, shields, spearthrowers, stone tomahawks, stone chisels for sharpening spears, wooden scoops. |
| 32. Do not think that they attempt to do this. |
| 33. Yes. |
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Manufacturing string from human hair, fur or wool. It is first teased out to take out all knots, dirt, grease, etc. it is then jumbled into a heap, a small piece picked up between the fingers and gradually drawn out, twisting at the same time, to keep it from breaking. As soon as they have a few inches twisted, the end is fastened to an implement made out of two thin sticks, in the shape of a cross. The lump of hair is then taken in the left hand, and while slowly drawing it out, regulating the size required by the use of fingers and thumb and twisting and twirling the implement (crossed sticks) at the same time on the thigh with the right hand, when sufficient length has been drawn out, and twisted, it is wound |
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round the head of the implement, thus This string is used for waist bands, forehead bands, and for binding the arm above the muscle, and hair etc. etc. String for fishing nets is made from spinifex (the very sharp pointed kinds). It is soaked in water for some time, then pounded with a round stone on a flat smooth one, until the fibre becomes soft, it is then taken in the left hand and two thin parts held between the finger and thumb, but kept separate; these are then placed on the thigh and twirled, or rolled along it with the palm of the right hand, both of course rolling separately, until they are well twisted, when with a reverse twirl of the palm along the thigh the two twisted pieces roll together, the opposite end between finger and thumb is released and a well twisted cord is the result. |
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Nets These are made in much the same way as Europeans make them, but they do not use a mesh board or gauge. Clothing They do not make any, a small bunch of feathers, shavings or rats tails is sometimes warn on the arm, close to the top of the shoulder on the head and also on the loin. Large sheets of paperbark, stripped off the trees, are used for covering during cold nights, wooden scoops are also sometimes used for this purpose. |
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Baskets They do not make any. Weapons Spears are thinned down and made round by scraping with a flint stone, the barbed end is |
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often made separately and joined to the shaft with spinifex gum, which is heated over a fire and bound round tightly with kangaroo sinew. To make a stone tomahawk they cut a green stick about two feet, or more, long, double it until both ends meet, and tie it so, then they fasten the prepared flint stone in the opposite end with hot spinifex gum bound well with kangaroo sinew. A piece of sharp flint is stuck in the end of their me-roo (spear throwing stick) and securely fastened there with hot gum. This is the implement they use for scraping and sharpening their spears, string sticks or anything of that sort. Their wooden scoops are cut off the excrescence, of round humps or |
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knobs, which are to be often found on gum and paperbark trees, any small holes in them are plugged up with hot spinifex gun. Water is often carried long distances in these scoops, on their heads, some dry grass, or rushes being put in it to keep it from spilling or splashing. The boomerang or kile is not used by the natives in this district. Food In addition to short descriptions given on pages 89 and 93, many kinds of birds are caught with nets by placing them over small waterholes and lying in wait close by, and rushing towards them when they are drinking, and thus frightening them into the net. Turkeys are caught in this way, by placing the net round their nest of eggs. |
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Emus are speared by lying in wait for them at waterholes, where they come to drink. Seeds of all kinds are gathered just as it is getting ripe, with the husks on of course, it is then pounded well between stones, picked up in the hands (scoop fashion), held high up over the head (if not too much wind) and gradually let fall, so as to allow the wind to blow the light husks away, the seed falling into a scoop, or anything else placed to secure it. Iguanas, if startled, are chased, when they run for their hole, or the nearest tree, or waterhole, the native invariably gets him. |
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When out hunting the native is always looking for tracks; he |
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finds most of his game this way, often spending hours tediously tracking them up during the laying season, they will track an emu for hours, in the hope of finding its nest which may contain a dozen eggs. Hawks : hawks are always attracted by a fire, as it either drives out or burns, reptiles and insects of all kinds, which the hawk preys upon, so the native to catch the hawk, digs a hole some three or four feet deep, sets the country on fire, jumps into the hole, pulls a few partly burnt bushes over it and lays there, dangling a mouse or rat, impaled on the end of a short stick and when a bird swoops down to seize the rat, he either catches it with |
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his hands, or knocks it over with a stick, sometimes they will get a dozen or more in a few hours in this way. Frogs (edible) : these feed at night and remain buried in the sand during the day, generally a lot together, the native tracks them up until he finds their hiding place and then digs them out. White ants : these are dug out of the ant hills, after heavy rains in the summer, at which time they are very much larger than usual full of eggs, I think, and acquire wings, and fly away. They are cooked by placing some heated stones among them and stirring them about. Fish : are sometimes caught by putting a poisonous bush into the waterhole, it has the effect |
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of stupefying them, when they come to the surface, if sufficient quantities of the bush are put in, it will quickly kill them. The root of a rush called "yan-ge-dee" which is rather plentiful in some rivers, is one of the principal foods of the inland natives of this district, it is roasted and then pounded between stones, before eaten, or it is rather hard. |
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| Amusement, games, etc. | With the exception of singing and the corroboree, I don't think they have any, though they go in for larks and jokes sometimes, often with the intention of creating consternation among the women. |
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