▼ Document details

Title: XII 2A, 5 Yalguru, m., Injiri, m., Kamardura, m., and Gubin, Mogo-it (Freddie) Of Jinyila (Eucla - Yirgilia - the last Eucla mining (man) died at albany S. W. Australia about 1918- Eucla Magisterial District

Language: Mirning

Folio 39/78-121

Yalguru, m., Injiri, m., Kamardura, m., and Gubin, Mogo-it (Freddie) Of Jinyila (Eucla - Yirgilia - the last Eucla mining (man) died at albany S. W. Australia about 1918- Eucla Magisterial District

Man, his relationships, etc.
Aunt	Madarn (father's sister)
Baby	Wandi, yā-inyu
Blackfellow	Mining
single man	Kaianu, marana
Blackwoman	Mining yoga
Boy	Wandi
Brother	Jajalu, ♂ sp. bai-i-gu ♀ sp.
Brother-in-law	D'anirba, majilba
Daughter	Wanya
Daughter-in-law	Wanya
Father	Mamalu, m'malu
Father-in-law	Būbalu, yumeri
Granddaughter	Wanya
Grandfather	T'amo, bogali
Grandmother	Kabarli, waldulu
Husband	Majelba, maji
Mother	Yagulu, wia
Mother-in-law	Madarn, yumeri
Niece	Wandila, bald'arba
Orphan	Miāra, wanya miara, boogala, younger sister - d'ugarni
Sister	Wald'ulu, kabali, oldest sister, not own, - narrumba
Sister-in-law	T'amilba
Son	Wandi
Son-in-law	Mumalu, m'malu
2
Uncle	Būbalu
Virgin	Bala nyinarn
White Man	Yalguring
White Woman	Walura
Widow	Walgajen
Wife	Yalbalba, jugu bardi, majilba
My woman	nganau yaga
Single women may beyalballu, but when married to a brother they are wald'ulu
Girl sit down by herself.	M'ma mārong bala nyinarn
>betrothed. Future husband would call his betrothedburdu.	Yūngūn
3

Parts and Functions of the Body
Ankle	Walbubara, walerbira
Arm (lower)	Mūguil, kari
Arm (upper)	Mandu
Back	Kambu, kula
Back-bone	Kambu, kula
Beard	Ngarngur, ngalarna
Blood	Yalgu
Bone	Kambu
dead man's bone	ngalba kambu
Breast, breasts	Kundu
Calf of Leg	Ngūlu, ngurlu
Cheek	Ngailgu
Chest	Mundu
Chin	Kandarn
Cry, to	Ulan
Drink, to	Ngalung, warlbi, kabingaling
Ear	Kulia, kulea
Eat, to	Ngalung
Elbow	Kurgung, kugaia, kulgu
Eyebrow	Nyinbin, ngambin
Eyelash	Nyinja, wardu ngumurl
Eye	Wardu
Fat	Widija
Finger	Mara. Koorarda, 1st finger, wirding, 2nd, warn-ngu, 3rd, ngalyi, little finger
Finger nail	Bindi
Foot	Jina
Forehead	Nurgu

Generative Organ (female)	Bimbu
Hair	Ngumul balga Hair under armpits = waguin
Hand	Mara
Head	Balga kambu; headband for headache = wariga
Heart	Jungu
Heel	Jina mūgu
Hip bone	Kalea
Instep	Jinagula
Kidney	Kobering
Knee	Dada, d'arda bira
Legs	Jira kambu
stiff leg	bida malguman
Lip	Muni
Liver	Ngaldi
Lung	Yaruil
Moustache	Ngalanu, jilbur, mumul
Mouth	T'aminjina, muni
Navel	Bulu
Neck	Nanga
Nose	Mulu
Palm of the hand	Mara ngaldi
Penis	Banda
Perspiration	Ngalu
Perspire	Ngalu
Rib	Banji
Rump	T'unda

Shoulder	Marndu, murndu
Sinew	Bidi
Skin	Gulu
Sleep	Gubala
Smell, to	Bandinu, mina bandin
Sneeze, to	Mula bungu
Sole of the foot	Moondoo
Speak, to	Maiaman, maia = speech
Spit, to	Dalyi
Stomach	Wila, nganding
Tears	Ulan
Teeth	Kadidi
Temple	Bira
Thigh	Thunda, mala, kanda
Throat	Kugul, wiu
Thumb	Yalba
Toe	Jina yalba. Burdu, 1st toe, burdingara, 2nd and 3rd, ngali, little toe Under knee = bidi
Tongue	Thalain
Walk, to	Nganong yaral, dhardungari, dardu ngunari
Windpipe	Kugul, wiu
Wink, to	Wardu jiring bungu, wardu jiring ma
Whiskers (of dead man)	Ngalurna
Yawn, to	Dhangan ngamarngu

Animals
Bandicoot	Kurgula, biruin, bilgun
Bat	D'ārdi
Cat, native	Jiniga, giniga
Dingo	Juju, yiganu, d'udu
Kangaroo, generic	Mad'uru
Kangaroo, brush	Kulbir
Kangaroo Rat	Wilba, wulbir
Kangaroo, young, in pouch	Wandi maduru, wargubija, ngabun maduru
Mouse	Jingaji
Opossum	Bilda (none at Eucla)
Porcupine	Wonguru
Porpoise	Wandild'a
Rabbit	Wilba, walyu
Rat	Wirarding
Seal	Bal'garda
Shark	Kailga-kailga
Wallaby (generic)	Mandaik
Wallaby, Rock	Mandain, burdia
Wallaby, Speckled-hair	Gilin
Wombat	Wogēa
Animal like a ferret	Maruya

Birds
Bird (generic)	Jida, wibin (little bird)
Bird's egg	Jida ngau Birds' down = Gund'ur
Birds' Nest	Widi ngarin (Reuben's word)
Bustard, Wild Turkey	Idilija
Cockatoo, Black, white tail	(None at Eucla) Nguljidung
Cockatoo, white, Southern variety	Thanabi, dhanabi
Coot	Birbirun
Crow	Wongala
Crow, Shrike (Squeaker)	Jilong, bīlal
Duck	Nyibirdi, ngalguin, yibirdalguin
Eaglehawk	Yarda T'aluru = eaglehawk feathers
Emu	Kalea
Flycatcher (Fantail)(Shepherd's Companion) (Wagtail)	Jinindira, jindi-jindira
Gull	Dayerong
Harrier, Swamp Hawk	Kargain
Hawk	Wilyabulia, kalauerinja
Hawk, Sea	Yau-u
King-fisher	Birun-birun
Lark	Wara jida, burining
Magpie	Kurbaru, gūra
Mopoke	Kurgu

Owl	Barguru, wiranyu
Parrot	Bilbail, bilbanal, bilbailaing
Parrot, King	Dhūran
Parrot, Rosella	Gubarning
Parrot, Small Ground	Mabelongu
Pelican	Wanu, yauerdu
Pigeon	Muria, manarn
Robin	Kurduda
Snipe	Julyong
Seahawk	Yau-u
Swallow	Wiriling, wilyiling, wirmiling
Wattle Bird	Dongal

Fishes
Fish (generic)	Mudi
Flatfish	Baramaia
Flounder	Kalba
Herring	Waga
Mullet	D'ardunga
Salmon	Wardunda
Schnapper	Mardumining
Shark	Kaialya, kaldagalda
Stingray	Kanbail
Whale	Muburn kailgaburdi
Whiting	Yalduru

Reptiles
Frog	Gara, kara
Iguana (generic)	Kailyu
Iguana, green	Warding galda (like a half caste)
Iguana, stump-tailed	Kālda (?)
Lizard (generic)	Kundar
Lizard, Horned	Bajina, irilya
Lizard, large black	Kalda
Snake	Bad'ing (black), buldh'a (carpet), jidura (the wollonqua of Spencer), yalurn (big white head), Nganeri (Sea snake), warana (wombat snake), nula (adder), buling (small yellow), karajila (white snake)
Turtle (fresh water)	Kundara (None at Eucla)

Insects
Ant (common small)	Wiba
Ant (generic)	Wiba
Ant's nest	Minda, baldan
Ant (sergeant)	Kadher, kaldu
Ant (black)	Nungamu
Ant (white)	Ngabia
Bardie (a grub)	Dhugula, bilerdi = mallee bardie, nyirgardi, root bardie, banu bardi, sandalwood bardie, bijili, bardie in jindu
Beetle	Bilyu bilyu, yirbil
Blowfly	Kunda, jarnda
Butterfly	Gunji
Caterpillar	Yanya
Cricket	D'undal
Flea	Jidu
Fly	Nguramara, mura mura
Mosquito	Ngura ngura, mura mura
Spider	Kara (black with red tail)
Insect	Gingi

The Elements, etc.
Banksia	None
Blackboy tree	None
Breeze (land)	Winaga
Breeze (sea)	Winaga kurīla
Bush (the wild country)	Prickly bush = yuaji
Cabbage Leaf	Nalbi-nabli
Cave	Kāru
Clay	T'aka, yula t'aka
Clay, red	Murdarba
Clay, white	Bilarn
Cloud	Wira, idia
Cloudy	Wira, idia
Cold	Minyaran, yaneri winara, minyaru
Country (burnt)	Kalawanda
One country	kaiunu yula
Different country	kaianiā yula
Creek	Baji
Dark	Kangea
Darkness	Kangea
Day	Minyoara
Daylight	Minyoara
Dust	Yula, yald'ulbi
Duststorm	Yula, yald'ulbi
Earth	Yula, milya milya (soft ground)
Evening	Ngalurn
Feather	Yadu ngumurl, ngumurl = emu's and hawk's feather. Ngumeru = down
Fire	Kala, kalula
Fog	Kauan, kauarn
Frost	Yiria
Fruit	Malela
Flint and club	Karda and karongu
Granite, stone	Bundong flint = karongu
Grass	Yulga
Gum	Minu ngamu (wattle gum)
Gum tree	none

Heat	Kalad'ara, kalurung, wilu kambarnu
Hill	Wanda
Hillock	Wanda
Hole	D'unga, mirajin, kāru, d'ungu
Hole	bardia
Hill (white sandhill)	Jiring
Leaf of a tree	Jilyaga, binbi
Lightning	Buld'a bindarn
Mallee	Wira
Moon	Yagin
Moonlight	Yagin wini wini, yagin wini janu
Moon, waning	Ngalburungu
Moon, waxing	Yagin burdu, yagin wian
Morning	Minyaga, minyoara
Mountain	Warnda, wanda
Mud	Wan, wōnuil
Muddy	Wan, wōnuil
Mushroom	Gūa
Night	Ngalarn, ngalangalan
Noon	Birburdu
Orion	M'maingura wea, wē-en, M'mingara (Lucy calls this minda bulda) Orion's sword = kargain
Paper-bark tree	Yarlu
Peach, native	Gurdi, gudi
Pleiades	Yagaingara
Pointers	Bulbaradu
One of the Pointers	Waljabura
One of the Pointers	Angabila, Gubarning
Pool	Bundau, walbundaungu
"Pig Face"	Kunjeri
Rain	Wanin, walbu wanin
Rainbow	T'andūaring, tanduaraing

Road	Wari
Rock	Bundong
Rockhole	Kabundongu, kabi bundonga
Root	Jilgal, bili (mallee root), kalgula
Saltbush (big)	Wagi gadamal
Sand	Yula
Sandalwood tree	Baru, sandalwood "tar" = karda
Sea	Bilia
Sea-shell	Yag yagin, kuldur
Sea-shore	Bilia ngaru (sea surf)
Sea-weed	Bīnyidi
Seeds, of plants	Kalgula, inyira, nyiro
Shade	Wilya, malu
Sky	Yiduga
Southern cross	Yauara
Spinifex	Nuni
Spinifex gum	Nuni
Star (evening)	Bilyal
Star (morning)	Angabila
Stars (little)	Mala mining
Stars (big)	Mindila, walji maru
Stone	Bundong
black mobburn stone	Kūndail
black meteoric stone, magic	Kundain, mulu mulu
Sun	Jindu (also sp. of wattle) Jindu kalalong - sun burn up Jindu kambarn - sun burn up
Sunrise	Jindu bilgarn, jindu baran
Sunset	Jindu t'arbarn, jindu ngularn
Stinkwood or bush	Walurn
Thunder	Būla, bula, buld'a, bula miran
Ti-tree	Bugain
To-day	Yayi
To-morrow	Minyaga
Track	Jina
Trees (big)	Kaliulul

General Vocabulary
Abduct, to	Yai-i marad'onū
Abscond, to	Yaral nganongu
Abundance	Bard'ud'era
Adultery	Walyi
Afraid	Biu
Aged	Bulga
Alive	Kauerdu
Amuse, to	Kudi man
Anger, angry, to be	Bad'a
Ashes	Muba
Ask, to	D'ura
Astray, to go	Walya walya burding
Autumn	Kalaru
Apron (woman's)	T'alyuru
Avenging party	Jina garbula; buganungu
Back, to go	Kardu nari
Bad	Walyi
Bag	Ngumul
Bag, to carry in a	Manduguija (put it on shoulders)
Bald	Balga bundarl
Bandy legged	Jirangulgi
Barb (of a spear)	Ngald'ara gaji
Bare	Guluguma, gulu-uma
Battle	Bad'abardud'era
Beat, to	Marabungu, gundigu bungu
Beautiful	D'ardu ngari
Behind	Bud'u nganu ngarin
Belt	Ngumul warja
Big	Magul
Bite, to	Bajan, kardi bajan, bad'an
Black	Kardea
Blind	Wardu marongu
16
Blow with the mouth, to	Bumbāburn
Board, for throwing spear	Dhardil (hook of mila), mila
Bony	Kambu ngaian
Boomerang	Karli
Break, to	Kadarn
Bring	Yulu maro nari
Bundle give	Ngurduing ngurjanu
Burn, burnt	Kala ngalong
Bury, to	D'amba ijan
Bye-and-bye	Budhajiu
Bruised all over	Buld'a bigal bigal bungu
Camp	Wamu
Cannibal	Mining ngalgūn
Cannibalism	Mining ngalgūn
Cataract (flim over eye)	Wardu ngandain
Change, to	Yungun
Charcoal	Kardīa
Cheat, to	Burdiyungu
Choke, to	Wia marnina nanangu
Clasp, to	Kangganu
Clay, white lime	Bilarn
Climb, to	Wandi burdan
Close (near)	Yad'i nyina
Club	Kundi
Come in, to	Yulu nari
Conceal, concealed	Bura nyina
Construct, to	Waman minda ija
Cook, to, cooked	D'urabaru, dhuru baurin, meat cook; burna baurin, in ashes cook
Cooked meat	Mūrla
Corroboree	Wajurda
Couple	Kujal
Covered	Ngabulunu
Covered up, to leave	Dambaja
17
Coward	Walyi biu
Creep (to creep on game)	Wandam būdan
Cut, to (with knife or native hammer)	Kardiana
Childbirth, dying in	Ngalba runu, banyina wandi; ngalbarunu
Crippled	Nandurn
Crooked	Nandurn
Dance	Yargame
Dance, to	Yargame
Dead	Ngalba
Deaf	Kule yuber bungu (noise makes me deaf) kulia marong
Decay, decayed	Buga
Deceit	Karili
Deceive	Karili
Dense, stupid	Kule marung
Devil	Moburn
Different	Yai-i nganyin (fresh one coming)
Dig, to	Yulabaiangari
Digging ground	wandi baian yula baian
Divide, to	Yua nan
Dog's tail head-dress	Nundi ngumurl
Dog's tail	mania
Down (short hair)	Kari ngumurl
Dream	T'angur
Drown, to	Bilala garin
Drunk	Balga ngana nganer
Dumb	Wia marong
Earache	Kulia marong
East	Kogara
Enough	Wund'a burding
Evil spirit	Burrga
Exchange	Ngagurl, ngagurlda, yungurlja
18
Fall, to	Karina burding
Family or tribe	Gunminyera
Far away	Ngalguin
Fast	Yulu d'ari, dalga ngari, d'alga gurdiama
Fetch, to	Yulu mara ngari
Fillet, for the head	Ilyiya (of fibre or shaving), ngurgugaija
Finish, to	Wand'u barding
Firestick	Kanmara
Fish bait or trap	Fish are speared only
Flame	Yaru
Flat, to lie	D'ulburu ngundan
Flesh (of animals)	T'uru
Food (forbidden)	Wandarami (Don't touch it)
Friend	Gunminyera
Friendly	Gunminyera
Frightened	Wila gumbilman (belly shaking). Frightened
Full (satisfied)	Wilad'albun = belly full in one's liver = Kula namianu
Fur	Waja (fur string)
Fire, cold	Kala bīl
Game, a	Yurinmi
Get up, to	Bilga
Ghost	Jinga
Give, to	Ngulyua
Glutton	Balaiad'ulu ngalgurn; nubili ngalgurn = you two eat all the time.
Go away, to	T'ardunari
Go back, to	T'ardubuda
Good	Yadu
Good, no	Walyi
Grave	Yuladambajin
Grease, to	Wirdija kargarn, wirdija ngaian
Greyheaded	Yulga-yulga, jiera
Grow	Mana manarin, budu munarin
Gum, edible	Mīnu
Government	Mulaiji
Grapes (wild)	Ngura
19
Half-caste	Yildura, yīlduru
Hair stick	Ilyi
Hammer (native)	Ngalalga t'abyuarin, karongu
He	Banardu
Heap, a	Ngurdu
Here	Nagardu, nogordu
Him	Ngagurdu, banardu
Hold, to	Wai mara
Honey	Ngald'a, birgala (mallee honey)
Hop, to	Dunda marong
Humpbacked	Burlda
Hungry	Bubal, ngamu bubal
Hunt to,	Waji waji burdun
Husband	Majelba
Headband	Wīlgaru
I	Ngad'a
Idle	Ngunda na burding, ngand'arda
Ill (sick)	Ngandain
Improper	Walyindal
Incest	Walyindal
Itch	Miji miji baian
Jealous	Bad'a warning
Jealousy	Bad'a warning
Joy	Yuri yurin (glad, pleased)
Kill, to	D'uru bungu
Kneel	T'ardu bira
Knife	Karongu, mulu, kandi
Know, to	Kania
20
Laugh	Guri man
Laughter	Guri man
Lean (thin)	Kambu marong
Lie (to tell a)	Karali
Lie (to lie down)	Ngundurn
Lift up, to	Irala binda
Listen, to	Gooarnami, waldu nyina (sit quiet)
Long	Wida wirding
Long (tall)	Wida wirding
Long ago	Karajia
Look out, to	Nuami
Look, to (to see)	Nāgun
Leave him	Balaja
Lose, to	Kule bundian
Lost	Kule bundian
Love, to	Yalbulba
Lover	Yalbulba
Lot (big lot)	Mabulu (but you gave little one)
Long way away	Ngalguing
Mad	Balgu marong
Madness	Balgu marong
Many	Bardud'era
Marry, to	Buneri, mulyaji
Master, a	Naralbi, marnawarin
Matches	Kānmara
Me	Nganau, ngadha
Meat	Dhuru, t'uru
Medicine	Mobarn
Melt, to	Karda yūlbergong
Mend, to	Guna d'abu
Mia (native hut)	Wam, minda
Milk	Kundu
Mimic, to	Yaninggiri burdan
Mine (my own)	Nganau, nganea
Mix, to	Kura
Monster (fabulous)	Mobarn mogulu (magic wind)
Magic	Bunu = putting magic
Mob (big)	Mining bardud'era
bigger mob	yāi burdū'dinya, yai mungur, yara mungur
21
Mourning	Kardīa, kala kardīa
Music	Yirgilman
My	Nganau, nganea
Name	Yini
Native well	Walbi baian
Never	Moga
No	Maka, maga
Noise	Kule bardi bardinu
North	Kaiali
Nose-piercing	Warda mula buldanu
Nose-stick	Idilyila kambu
Necklace, scorpion-tailed	Wanajin
Old	Manī'aga
One	Kaiunu
Open	Mirdanaija
Opening	Mirdanaija
Paint, to	Wina wina, gunarn, murdarba gulbin, to paint with red, gunarn (with white)
Pair	Kujal
Pant, to	Wī'uran
Panting	Wī'uran
Pearlshell	Karar, bidili
Perhaps	Buda nganarin
Pick up, to	Maruda nganari
Pierce, to	Yarnu, kaji mira ijanu
Pinch, to	Nyirida
pinching	bundulu baldunu
Play, to, playing	Yuryurin, bali yurin
playing	ngardinjinu
just playing	yuraburdian
Pleased, to be	Yadu ngadu gumbu, yiri yurin
Pluck out feathers	Ngumurl bundan
Plume, a	Muru, kalia nganba muru
Policeman	Ngalara
Policeman	ngulingbirdi
Policeman	(S.A. walja, Munderbila, yarda)
Pound, to	Yulburda
Pull, to	Dūgurda
Potato, wild	Gurdalu
22
Pole, long	Jaluru; wina, painted white
Push, to	Dūrdanu
Quick	Dalga nganar
Quickly	Dalga nganar
Quiet	Wī-ida, Wīda
Quivering	Kanji-ijana, leg quivering; nganju bindarn, body quivering
Raw	Wonga
Red	Murdarba
Refuse, to	Maga
Rejoice, to	Yadu
Relate, to	Maiaman
Related, to be	Gunminyera
Relation, a	Gunminyera
Relationship	Gunminyera
Rob, to	Ngandu marnun d'ananang, nganan d'uranu
Robber	Ngandu marnun d'ananang, nganan d'uranu
Roundabout	Nguri-in (round and round)
Rubbing	Kargami
Rub, to	Kargami
Run away, to	Bīunu
Salt	Biliadalyi
Scar	Kaldiri, warda bamburu, ngargaldya, wigadarn
Scrape, to	Yūala
Scratch, to	Ininirin
Secrete, to	Buranyina
Secretly	Buranyina
See, to	Nagurda, ngalgu nyangu
Shadow	Wīlya, malu
Shame	Kūliagin
Sharp (edge) a	Burdu, minya
Shield	Ngurnda, wardu ngunda (not made at Eucla)
Shiver, to	Minyarun
Short	Kūrardu
Sick (ill)	Ngandain
Side, the	Panji (ribs)
Shirt	Balda
Shoulder band	Nurdirga
23
Sinew (of kangaroo's tail)	Bidi, nundi bidi
Sing, to	Kanjila
Sit down, to	Nyinarn, nyinaburden
Slippery	Karilgangu
Slow	Wida
Slowly	Wida
Sly	Gunbin-gunbin
Smoke, to (tobacco)	Buyu
Smoke (of fires)	Buyu
Soft	Milya milya
Sorcery	Mobarn
Sore (or boil)	Kondur, kandur
Sorrow	Gunbu
Sorry	Burda larabungu
South	Kurīla
Spear (generic)	Kaji, made from jindu only
Spear, to throw a	Maraugu uangurn
bought spear, many barbed	Ngaldara
Spear (war)	Kaji
Spill, to	Ilia
Spin, to (weave)	Warja kūrnau
Split, to	T'aldaraman
Spring (native well)	Biring
Squeeze, to	Būrūn, būrun
Stamping	Baldan
Stand, to	Yugarn
Steep (high)	Yiraguji
Stick (woman's)	Wana
My stick	jilba
Markings on my stick	warbi
Stir, to	Guran, uran
Stop	Yugara
Story	Karali
Straight	Gumbarda
24
Stranger	Ngaguling, ngad'ari
Strangle, to	Wiu nguminu
half strangling	bailgu kardanu
Strength	Mogulu
Strong	Mogulu
Sufficient	Bana mading
Sugar	Nalda (from ground), birgila (from mallee leaf)
Sulky (cross)	Bad'a
Summer	Bardingara, kaladara
Sweat	Ngalu
Swell, to	Wilalbin
Swim, to	Kargarn
Swoon, to	Kulea gardongu
Take in the hand, to	Marau
Tattoo	Mundu (on chest)
Tear, to	Daldaraman
Tell me	Nyundu nganand'ura
Tell, to	Nyundu nganand'ura
Ten	D'ulji = 2 hands (ten)
That very thing	Baru
Their	Nubilimi
Them	Nubilimi
There	Nand'ardu, t'adula
This	Ngagardu
This one	Ngagardu
Thrash, to	Bungu
Three	Yalgarda
Throw, to (away)	Wanijungo
Throwing board	Mila
Tickle, ticklish	Jida gajin
Tie, to tie up	Ngumin
Tired	Gunul
Tomahawk	None at Eucla
Trackless	Jina guya, bogu barbar dongu, nothing see
25
Tobacco (native)	Nyalbi-nyalbi
Vegetable food	Ngamu
Venus	Mindela, bilyal
Water	Kabi
Water (salt)	Waldu
Wattle tree	Mīnu (sp.), grows at jiring, ngamardi (sp.)
Whirlwind	Yauila
Willy willy	Moguru yauila
Wind (East)	Kogarinu
Wind (North)	Winaga, kaiala winaga
Wind (South)	Kurila magulu (strong)
Wind (West)	Kalda magulu (strong)
Wind (cold)	Yarneri = cold wind or sea breeze Wanbardi = cold wind (S.W. wind)
hot N. wind	Kaiala nungu galad'ura
Yam	Kalgulu
Yesterday	Bugulu
26
Truth, tell the	Yarad'alda jura
Twirl round	Gurarn
Two	Kudal
Ugly	Walyi
Uncooked meat	Wanga
Under	Yabārura
Underneath	Yabārura
Understand	Kuner I don't understand = ngana ngaguling
Upside down	Inderjin
Vain (proud)	Gunbu
Very bad	Walyi
Very good	Gunbu, yadu
Vessels, bark, etc.	Yarlu, muya manu, karrguin (wooden)
Wander, to, off the right track	Walya walyi nganung
Warm	Kambarn
Wash, to	Wirdi kargarn; ngurgu/kargarn, wash with grease ; milgali = to wash with blood
Weapons	Ngurdu nyinarn, mad'a
Weighty (heavy)	Magulu
West	Kalda
What	Ngandu
Where	Baru wogurdu
Whistle	Gurin man
White	Bilarn
Who is that?	Bana ngandulu
Wicked	Walyi
Wild native	Kaiala mining buganungu - from back country
Winter	Kalaru
Witchcraft	Mobern
27
Wither, to	Bila (dried, withered)
Wood	Kanmara
Yamstick	Wana kandula
Yes	Ngaia
You	Nyunda, nundu You and me = ngundu ngad'a
Younger	Gurdulba
Your	Nundēa
Yours	Nundēa

Short Sentences
Afraid, I am not, of you	Ngana maga bīu
Afraid, What are you, of?	Budu ngandu bīu.
Afraid, You are	Barundu biu ngung
Asleep, He is	Bana gubila
Ask, you	Ngundu d'ura
Bad, That is very	Walyi
Bad, You are	Nyundu walyi
Brother, He is my	Bana bai-igu
Brother, That is my	Bana bai-igu
Bury him	T'amba ija
Betrothed in infancy	Budu yungun yallia
Given betrothed	Burdu yungu
Tomorrow better	Minyaga yadu
Better by and by, You will be	Bud'a kauerdua
Carry this	Maronari
Cattle, Bring in the	Yuli maronari "bullock"
Cattle, Did you see the?	Nyundu mala nangu
Children, Where are your?	Bāgud'da wandi
Come from, Where do you?	Nundu bagu nganyin
Come here	Yulu nari
Come in	Yulu nari
Coming, They are	Bud'a nganyin
Coming with you, I am	Ngad'a ngundula nganongu
Come back tomorrow, I	Minyaga yulu
Coming, We are	Yulu nganyida
Coming back	Yulu wanarin
Tomorrow coming back by long road	Minyaga yulu unngarin warigul
Cook that	Dura bauarin
Quick cook, I'm hungry	Bili bilinya baru
Cold, Boy is	Wandi minyar
29
Country, What is the name of your?	Nundu wagudala
Country, Where is your?	Nundu wagudala
Coward, You are a	Nundu biu
Chest shaking	Barbabarbagin
Cold place sit down	Wilyaga nyinarn
Cool place go to	Wilya nari
Camp go	Wamu naru
Coming up, They are, by and by	Kumba bururdan
Camp door open, inside open	Woma dua mira, durba mira
Doing nothing, I am	Ngaia bugana
Daughter, Is that your?	Nundu wanya
Dead, He is	Baru ngalbarunu. Ought to be alive - kauarda nyinagu
Deceiving me, You are	Nundu karali
Dingoes, Are there many?	Dudu bardudera
Doing, What are you?	Nunda bud'u ngandu warania
Daughter ill	Wanya walyi
Fetch here to me	Maro nare nganau
Eye is covered up	Balwaran ngabalunu
Feet cover up	Jina ngabula
Father, He is my	M'malu nganēa
Find, Where did you, them?	Bagudala manu
Finish this	D'arda barding, wanda barding
Fire, Make a	Kala ma.
You make a fire	nundu kala bau na.
Fire, Make by friction	Kala yurgir guna; narumba minya
Fire hot	Kala kombarn
Fish catch some	Duru mūrdi nuami
Flour, I want some	Ngamu yua
Food, Give me	Ngamu yua
Food, I cannot get	Ngamu guya, baru guya
Food, I want	Bubar
Food, I will give you	Ngamu ngana yua
Fire, sister make	Narumba minya
30
Food, Where shall I find?	Baru wagurda
Friend, I am your	Ngana nundu gunnyinyari, nundu ngarija.
Glad to have killed and left	Mana bargunbu
Get along	Dhardu naru
Get up	Bilgad'a nari
Give it to me	Yulu yua
Go away	D'ardunari
Go before me	Munagana nari
Going away, I am	Baru ngūnung
Gone, He has just	Baru ngūnung
Gone, Where has he?	Wagurdi ngunung
Go away bye and bye	Buda unduwunar
By and by you go away	Budai ngundu unari
Go away to sleep	Gubulana naru
We three will go	Ngana nari
Going away, We are	Yaralnganang
By and by go back again	Budhu balong dhardunaru
You where going?	Ngundu bagu un naring
Go and get the cow	Kundu jimba bilyi marad'anan
Good, That is no	Bala walyi
Good, That is very	Bala yadu
Good, You are no	Nundu walyi
Good, You are very	Nundu yadu
Go quickly	Baru waia nari
Go quietly	Wida burda bidu burdan, biduma
Go there	Barudardunari
Going round	Nguri-in
Go, you	Nundu ngundu nari, ngada nyinarn, I stay here
Give me that	Nganau mara yungun
Give it, (to me)	Yulu yua
Give me another one	Ngana kaiania
Good, I'm no	Wila ngandhurda
Go, We will all	Bardudhura nananari
31
Going to sit in the shade	Wilaga nyina bardau
Get off	Bilga dhanari
Woman get up	Yaga bilga
Going, we are; have a look at the sea	Ngagul ngananari; biban bilia nuanu
Here it is	Bara nagurdu
Hill, What is the name of that?	Wanda ngandini yini
Horses, Bring in the	Buni yulu maronari
Horses, Did you see the?	Nundu "buni" nangu d'onungu
House, Am I near a?	Bari anda
Husband, Is that your?	Nunda majelba
My husband north game hunting	Majelba nganang kaiala duyi
Husband, Where is your?	Majelba warabarding nundu yagu mulba wogwela. (Ngagalba ngagardu )
Head ache with cold	Balga ngandin, bugagu
Hut make	Mindabulda
Ill, I am	Ngadu nganda nyira bangu
Ill, You are	Nundu nganda nyira bungu
Kangaroo, Where shall I find?	Maduru duyi bogudhela
Killed, He has been	Banyini ngalba ranu
Killed, Who has, him?	Ngandulu mining yanu
Killed, You have, him	Ngundugu yanu
Know, I	Ngad'a kanir
Know, I do not	Ngana ngāguling
Killed, I, him	Ngad'ugu yanu
32
Lake, What is the name of that?	Walbi baji, ngandini yini
Lake, Where is the?	Walbi baji wagu wela
Lazy, You are	Nundu gunyul
Leave me	Wanda bardami
Let it alone	Wanda bardami
Lie down	Yaria gubalaman
Listen to me	Guliagu wanami
Lying down	Yandur duman
Leave it there	Imaja
Leave it (or them)	Wand'ardi
Let me (will) give	Gun-minyel ngad'ayua
Long time ago, That was a	Karajia
Look out	Nuami, kaji mīanami - somebody going to spear
Lying, He is, down	Baragubala nabūrding
Laughing at him	Kuriman
Mother, She is my	Ngana yagulu
Mother-in-law, She is my	Ngana jigulba
Milk have, or die	Kunda marong ngalbarugu
Make maia	Wamu minda
Name, What is your?	Ngandu yini, ngundu ngandini yini, ngundu ngandini yini
Natives, How many, are there?	Mining ngandu ngari
Natives, Where are the?	Baru wogurdu (mining)
Native, Who is this?	Ngandulu anyin
Noise, What is that?	Magulu anulu ngandining
Your boy, What name?	Wandi ngandini yini
Put it close to my foot	Balda ya jina
Parrot is singing	Bilbilyal ngagin guriman
Swim in water, I	Ngadu bilianung
33
Put it on now	Baru nundu ija
River, What is the name of that?	Wailba ngandini yini
River, Where is the?	Wailba wogurdu
Roots (edible), Find some	Ngamu waij waijin
Roots (edible), where shall I find?	Ngamu waj-waju burdian
Run away frightened	Bingur dema
Sea, Am I near the?	Bilia ngana yada
Sleep, I shall now	Ngad'a gubalaman
Slow, You are very	Nundu wuda, wida burdan, Buda ngandu wida burdan
Speak, Do not	Maia wanjaringu
Spear, Where is your?	Kaji nundu bogurdu
Springs, Are there any native, here?	Walbi biring jiring
Station, Are we getting near the?	Yalguring nunda barianda
Stay with me	Nundu nandu nyinarn
Steal. From whom did you?	Banyini nandulu manud'ongu gumgu ngad'unu manuda nganongu
Sit close up	Yad'angina
See or saw, I	Ngadu nangu
Saw him, I	Nganuija thonangu, nganu yan,
Sit down	Nyinarn t'anga nongu.
You see me here tomorrow	Nunda minyagu yulu nuarna nari
Yes, yes, by and by I'll see you	Ngaia buda nuarna angin
Sit down by myself, I
Bunga nyinarn muji I am sitting down = ngad'u nyinaling
Sit down, Today I	Yayi ngad'a nyinarn
Sick, Today I'm sick	Yayi ngod'a ngandain
Don't say it to me, say it to the other fellow	Nubila kardijela t'urimi
Stranger, He would kill us	Naguluna
Spear! look out	Kaji nuami
Turn it round and mend it somewhere else	D'alyerba
Sulky, They are, now	Bad'a ngaian burda burdang
34
That's what I said	Balad'ungun
Give me scar	Munduyua mi
Sister coming next	Wald'uru gud'arami
Sorry for him (I)	Bana yagan
They are all over the place	Warala burda burdan
Tell ... to come to me	T'uraiga, yulat'uraiga
That, I want	Ngada d'urau
Tired, I am	Ngadu bidu malga
Track, Where is the?	Wari wagu ela
Tree, what is the name of that?	Warda ngandunu gardu
Tribe, To what, do you belong?	Mining bogunga nanaring
True, That is not	Karali, Idilija
Turkey, Where shall I find a?	Wogu ela marad'onari
Throat bad	Wiu ngandain
Daughter's throat is bad	Wanya kogul ngandin yara bungu
Throwing the boy up in the air	Wandi ijiribu waninu
Understand, Do you?	Nundu kanea banardu
Understand, I do not	Ngana kulia guya
Tying up arm after subincision	Kari karbinu
Want, What do you?	Nundu ngandu, bud'a ngundu
Water, am I near?	Wailbi ada
Water, Give me some	Wailba mera, wailba mari yua
Water, I cannot find	Wailba guya
Way, Come this	Yulu nari
Way, Go that	Karda d'ilanari, t'ardu nari
Water, No water soon	Wailbi guya ngaian
Warm, I am very	Nganana wand'alung
What is it?	Ngandu, ngandu ning
Where are you going?	Bogurdi būrdun, nundu bogurdu nganang
35
Where do you come from?	Nundu bogu inyin
White man's house, Where?	Yalguring minda wogu ēla
Who is that? Who is there?	Banu ngandulu
Wife, Is that your?	Banu nundu yagalba
Wife, She is my	Nganau yaga
Wife, Where is your?	Yaga nania boguri burdan
Wood, Find some	Kala bua (cut some wood)
Work, Go to	Marad'onari, waij waij imi
Wounded, I am	Baldunami, kaji baldunami
You and I	Ngarija nganyida
You two	Nubala Three cousins = būlami Bulada, two cousins or uncle

Questions
10. Native names of trees, shrubs, plants, etc., in district?
wattle	Mīnu
titree	Būgain
sandalwood tree	Baru
paperbark	Yarlu
mallee	Wira, jindu, sp.
mallee root	Nala
myall	Kardia
saltbush	Yilyi
yellow saltbush	Yalyia
bluebush	Kulbin
big salt bush	Wagi gadamal
11. Native justice, system of (if any)?	An eye for an eye.
12. Diseases peculiar to natives of district?	Colds, sore eyes, stomach ache, sort of scurvy
13. Native remedies for wounds, sickness, fever, etc.?	Ashes, headrings of women's hair
37
15. Corroborees, amusements, games - are these symbolical? and if so, of what?	Attendant ceremonies at initiation, some for amusement, etc.
19. Any noticeable grammatical construction in the language of the tribes in district?	Yes.
20. Do the tribes meet at any distant places for exchange or barter?	Yes
21. Native foods in district? How obtained, prepared, and named?	Ngura, gurdi, kalgala, etc.
9. Are any instances known of the natives boiling their food?	No
10 Is cannibalism known to exist in district?	Yes, at one time, not now. (Owing & Civilization & White mans food,)
25. Method of obtaining water from trees, roots, etc.?	Mallee roots, kurrajong tree, heavy dew taken off with soft grass sponge.
26. Any idea of a deity?	No
27 Native belief in ghosts, or a future state?	Yes
38
28. What beliefs have the natives in witchcraft, sorcery; and is there a "boyl-ya" or sorcerer, among the tribes in the district?	A mobbarn in every tribe.
29. Is there a gesture language amongst the natives in district?	Yes, slightly
30. Any use of masonic signs observed amongst the natives in district?	No, but many 'native' hand & finger signals between native man, resemble some masonic signs.
32. Days, months, years, How calculated by natives?	Sleeps, moons, winter and summer seasons.

Old Notes which occur throughout and which have been classified
Gunalēa	burnt rump (meanings of names)
Burling	back bent and head back (meanings of names)
Karandauera	(Is this a substitute for Kamardura?)
Ngaralē	hitting .....?
back near shoulder burnt.	Gubin or Ұalulgula
Yirgili	big sandhill near Eucla.
Yilyi	saltbush
Ngunyubi	the other side of Waijinda, near last tank.
Jiruldura and Thamelyu	Lucy and Judy call each other.
Next page
old time man.	Wulgari
Mailman Jimmy's country, Nullarbor country.	Kaliūlul
Gumilya = Yalguru
Jirawurding, f. Old woman dead Gubin, f., nguram Old woman dead Yalguru, m. (Mickey) dead Yinjiri, m. (Harry) dead
(Tony) Wiruru, or Warara, Boundary Dam (Henry) Karnduing, Jirinya (Reubin) Wirgain, Wililambi, this side Doolina 20 miles. (Tony) Mundawurli, Doolina, 50 m. from Sand patch.
Mother gave first name. Kangula and Katja, Kitty's two names, Reuben's Kitty.
Nundea yagulbu	Your wife,
Jijalup, Israelite Bay Bau-ungunya, Brooke Stn. Nani kardau wiu gardau, sheep kill, throat cut.
40
Dhudhumu Totems dingo Kugurda (meat) Wardalya Ngalūma, Charlie Ngaluum ngalum ngala totem Tom Cheek, Ngailgulia, malgarum, Jigu barongu Ngarali Tommy, Burdeum, like a bandicoot Bob, Burdeum d. Nguram, Eva d. Karder, bau, Kailgum (tchunda, jundu) Yana-ijin or Gunminyera yana or yana = nganing - can't marry. Yangamanu or Kandi ijamanu are ngoyang and you can marry.
Back page G.
Chinam.	Kamardura	Ngauum d
Harry	Injiri d	Kalga bungalea kugurdum, opossum
Marianne	Jirawirding d	Ngabeam, kailgam
Reuben	Wirgain	Guyanam ("almond")
Kitty	Kalja, f. d	Jujuam
		Bangurgam (turkey totem)
Jiduma or Benjamin is Birgalam d d Guyanum can marry Ngalam Kugurdam Malgaram Nguram Kailgam Guyanum Jujuam Ngauum Jujuam
41
Yalguru	Ngauum
Ngauering, f. (Jessie)	ngalum d
Guruma, m. d	ngalum
Gulaiji, m. (Toby) d	kailgum
Yargu (Bob) d	ngalum
Maiale, f.	kugardam
Yarbuin, (Jessie's mother) d	kalgulum
Ngaralea, m. (Tommy) d	budeam
Gubin, f. d	nguram
Nalabura, boy	nguram
Karnduing (boy) (Henry)	guyanum, karder borungur
Ngailgulia, m. d	malgarum
Tchundu, f. d	kailgum
Myself	ngauum
Gunana d	bidaumu
Jiranda d	kugurdum
Ijala (Bull pup) d	ngalum, kabium, water Kalum, fire Yardam (eaglehawk)
Yalada nhnga, Fowler's Bay yungar all dead. Yalada station
42